python爬取新闻门户网站的示例

https://github.com/Python3Spiders/AllNewsSpider

每个文件夹下的代码就是对应平台的新闻爬虫

将 pyd 文件下载到本地，新建项目，把 pyd 文件放进去

项目根目录下新建 runner.py，写入以下代码即可运行并抓取

import pengpai_news_spiderpengpai_news_spider.main()示例代码

百度新闻

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# 文件备注信息 如果遇到打不开的情况，可以先在浏览器打开一下百度搜索引擎import requestsfrom datetime import datetime, timedeltafrom lxml import etreeimport csvimport osfrom time import sleepfrom random import randintdef parseTime(unformatedTime): if ’分钟’ in unformatedTime:minute = unformatedTime[:unformatedTime.find(’分钟’)]minute = timedelta(minutes=int(minute))return (datetime.now() -minute).strftime(’%Y-%m-%d %H:%M’) elif ’小时’ in unformatedTime:hour = unformatedTime[:unformatedTime.find(’小时’)]hour = timedelta(hours=int(hour))return (datetime.now() -hour).strftime(’%Y-%m-%d %H:%M’) else:return unformatedTimedef dealHtml(html): results = html.xpath(’//div[@class='result-op c-container xpath-log new-pmd']’) saveData = [] for result in results:title = result.xpath(’.//h3/a’)[0]title = title.xpath(’string(.)’).strip()summary = result.xpath(’.//span[@class='c-font-normal c-color-text']’)[0]summary = summary.xpath(’string(.)’).strip()# ./ 是直接下级，.// 是直接/间接下级infos = result.xpath(’.//div[@class='news-source']’)[0]source, dateTime = infos.xpath('.//span[last()-1]/text()')[0], infos.xpath('.//span[last()]/text()')[0]dateTime = parseTime(dateTime)print(’标题’, title)print(’来源’, source)print(’时间’, dateTime)print(’概要’, summary)print(’n’)saveData.append({ ’title’: title, ’source’: source, ’time’: dateTime, ’summary’: summary}) with open(fileName, ’a+’, encoding=’utf-8-sig’, newline=’’) as f:writer = csv.writer(f)for row in saveData: writer.writerow([row[’title’], row[’source’], row[’time’], row[’summary’]])headers = { ’User-Agent’: ’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36’, ’Referer’: ’https://www.baidu.com/s?rtt=1&bsst=1&cl=2&tn=news&word=%B0%D9%B6%C8%D0%C2%CE%C5&fr=zhidao’}url = ’https://www.baidu.com/s’params = { ’ie’: ’utf-8’, ’medium’: 0, # rtt=4 按时间排序 rtt=1 按焦点排序 ’rtt’: 1, ’bsst’: 1, ’rsv_dl’: ’news_t_sk’, ’cl’: 2, ’tn’: ’news’, ’rsv_bp’: 1, ’oq’: ’’, ’rsv_btype’: ’t’, ’f’: 8,}def doSpider(keyword, sortBy = ’focus’): ’’’ :param keyword: 搜索关键词 :param sortBy: 排序规则，可选：focus(按焦点排序），time(按时间排序），默认 focus :return: ’’’ global fileName fileName = ’{}.csv’.format(keyword) if not os.path.exists(fileName):with open(fileName, ’w+’, encoding=’utf-8-sig’, newline=’’) as f: writer = csv.writer(f) writer.writerow([’title’, ’source’, ’time’, ’summary’]) params[’wd’] = keyword if sortBy == ’time’:params[’rtt’] = 4 response = requests.get(url=url, params=params, headers=headers) html = etree.HTML(response.text) dealHtml(html) total = html.xpath(’//div[@id='header_top_bar']/span/text()’)[0] total = total.replace(’,’, ’’) total = int(total[7:-1]) pageNum = total // 10 for page in range(1, pageNum):print(’第 {} 页nn’.format(page))headers[’Referer’] = response.urlparams[’pn’] = page * 10response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, params=params)html = etree.HTML(response.text)dealHtml(html)sleep(randint(2, 4)) ...if __name__ == '__main__': doSpider(keyword = ’马保国’, sortBy=’focus’)

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