Python opencv操作深入详解

直接读取图片

def display_img(file='p.jpeg'): img = cv.imread(file) print (img.shape) cv.imshow(’image’,img) cv.waitKey(0) cv.destroyAllWindows()

读取灰度图片

def display_gray_img(file='p.jpeg'): img = cv.imread(file,cv.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE) print (img.shape) cv.imshow(’image’,img) cv.waitKey(0) cv.destroyAllWindows() cv.imwrite('gray_img.png',img)

读取视频

def display_video(file='sj.mp4'): v = cv.VideoCapture(file) if v.isOpened(): open,frame = v.read() else: open=False while open: ret,frame = v.read() if frame is None: break if ret == True: gray = cv.cvtColor(frame,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) cv.imshow('result',gray) if cv.waitKey(10) & 0xFF == 27:break v.release() v.waitKey(0) v.destroyAllWindows()

截取图片

def get_frame_img(file='p.jpeg'): img = cv.imread(file) print (img.shape) cat = img[0:200,0:200] cv.imshow(’get_frame_img’,cat) cv.waitKey(0) cv.destroyAllWindows()

提取rgb通道

def extrats_rgb_img(file='p.jpeg'): img = cv.imread(file) b,g,r = cv.split(img) print (b.shape,g.shape,r.shape) new_img = cv.merge((b,g,r)) print (new_img.shape) copy_img_r = img.copy() copy_img_r[:,:,0]=0 copy_img_r[:,:,1]=0 cv.imshow('r_img',copy_img_r) copy_img_g = img.copy() copy_img_g[:,:,0]=0 copy_img_g[:,:,2]=0 cv.imshow('g_img',copy_img_g) copy_img_b = img.copy() copy_img_b[:,:,1]=0 copy_img_b[:,:,2]=0 cv.imshow('b_img',copy_img_b)

边界填充

def border_fill_img(file='p.jpeg'): border_type = [ cv.BORDER_REPLICATE,#复制法，复制边缘 cv.BORDER_REFLECT, #反射法，对感兴趣的图像中的像素在两边进行复制 cv.BORDER_REFLECT_101,#反射法，以边缘像素为轴，对称 cv.BORDER_WRAP,#外包装法 cv.BORDER_CONSTANT#常量法，常量填充 ] border_title = [ 'REPLICATE', 'REFLECT', 'REFLECT_101', 'WRAP', 'CONSTANT' ] img = cv.imread(file) top_size,bottom_size,left_size,right_size = (50,50,50,50) plt.subplot(231) plt.imshow(img,'gray')#原始图像 plt.title('ORIGNAL') for i in range(len(border_type)): result = cv.copyMakeBorder(img,top_size,bottom_size,left_size,right_size,border_type[i]) plt.subplot(232+i) plt.imshow(result,'gray') plt.title(border_title[i]) plt.show()

图像融合，变换

def img_compose(file1='tu.jpeg',file2='gui.jpeg'): img_1 = cv.imread(file1) img_2 = cv.imread(file2) print (img_1.shape) print (img_2.shape) img_1= cv.resize(img_1,(500,500)) img_2= cv.resize(img_2,(500,500)) print (img_1.shape) print (img_2.shape) res = cv.addWeighted(img_1,0.4,img_2,0.6,0) plt.imshow(res) plt.show() res = cv.resize(img_1,(0,0),fx=3,fy=1) plt.imshow(res) plt.show() res = cv.resize(img_2,(0,0),fx=1,fy=3) plt.imshow(res) plt.show()

二值化处理

def Binarization(filepath): img = cv2.imread(filepath,0) limit = 120 ret,thresh=cv2.threshold(img,limit,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV) plt.imshow(thresh,’gray’) plt.show() return threshBinarization(’t1.jpg’)

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