python获取linux系统信息的三种方法

方法一：psutil模块

#!usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import socketimport psutilclass NodeResource(object): def get_host_info(self): host_name = socket.gethostname() return {’host_name’:host_name} def get_cpu_state(self): cpu_count = psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) cpu_percent =(str)(psutil.cpu_percent(1))+’%’ return {’cpu_count’:cpu_count,’cpu_percent’:cpu_percent} def get_memory_state(self): mem = psutil.virtual_memory() mem_total = mem.total / 1024 / 1024 mem_free = mem.available /1024/1024 mem_percent = ’%s%%’%mem.percent return {’mem_toal’:mem_total,’mem_free’:mem_free,’mem_percent’:mem_percent} def get_disk_state(self): disk_stat = psutil.disk_usage(’/’) disk_total = disk_stat.total disk_free = disk_stat.free disk_percent = ’%s%%’%disk_stat.percent return {’mem_toal’: disk_total, ’mem_free’: disk_free, ’mem_percent’: disk_percent}

方法二：proc

#!usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import timeimport osfrom multiprocessing import cpu_countclass NodeResource(object): def usage_percent(self,use, total): # 返回百分占比 try: ret = int(float(use)/ total * 100) except ZeroDivisionError: raise Exception('ERROR - zero division error') return ’%s%%’%ret @property def cpu_stat(self,interval = 1): cpu_num = cpu_count() with open('/proc/stat', 'r') as f: line = f.readline() spl = line.split(' ') worktime_1 = sum([int(i) for i in spl[2:]]) idletime_1 = int(spl[5]) time.sleep(interval) with open('/proc/stat', 'r') as f: line = f.readline() spl = line.split(' ') worktime_2 = sum([int(i) for i in spl[2:]]) idletime_2 = int(spl[5]) dworktime = (worktime_2 - worktime_1) didletime = (idletime_2 - idletime_1) cpu_percent = self.usage_percent(dworktime - didletime,didletime) return {’cpu_count’:cpu_num,’cpu_percent’:cpu_percent} @property def disk_stat(self): hd = {} disk = os.statvfs('/') hd[’available’] = disk.f_bsize * disk.f_bfree hd[’capacity’] = disk.f_bsize * disk.f_blocks hd[’used’] = hd[’capacity’] - hd[’available’] hd[’used_percent’] = self.usage_percent(hd[’used’], hd[’capacity’]) return hd @property def memory_stat(self): mem = {} with open('/proc/meminfo') as f: for line in f: line = line.strip() if len(line) < 2: continue name = line.split(’:’)[0] var = line.split(’:’)[1].split()[0] mem[name] = long(var) * 1024.0 mem[’MemUsed’] = mem[’MemTotal’] - mem[’MemFree’] - mem[’Buffers’] - mem[’Cached’] mem[’used_percent’] = self.usage_percent(mem[’MemUsed’],mem[’MemTotal’]) return {’MemUsed’:mem[’MemUsed’],’MemTotal’:mem[’MemTotal’],’used_percent’:mem[’used_percent’]}nr = NodeResource()print nr.cpu_statprint ’==================’print nr.disk_statprint ’==================’print nr.memory_stat

方法三：subprocess

from subprocess import Popen, PIPEimport os,sys’’’ 获取 ifconfig 命令的输出 ’’’def getIfconfig(): p = Popen([’ifconfig’], stdout = PIPE) data = p.stdout.read() return data’’’ 获取 dmidecode 命令的输出 ’’’def getDmi(): p = Popen([’dmidecode’], stdout = PIPE) data = p.stdout.read() return data’’’ 根据空行分段落 返回段落列表’’’def parseData(data): parsed_data = [] new_line = ’’ data = [i for i in data.split(’n’) if i] for line in data: if line[0].strip(): parsed_data.append(new_line) new_line = line + ’n’ else: new_line += line + ’n’ parsed_data.append(new_line) return [i for i in parsed_data if i]’’’ 根据输入的段落数据分析出ifconfig的每个网卡ip信息 ’’’def parseIfconfig(parsed_data): dic = {} parsed_data = [i for i in parsed_data if not i.startswith(’lo’)] for lines in parsed_data: line_list = lines.split(’n’) devname = line_list[0].split()[0] macaddr = line_list[0].split()[-1] ipaddr = line_list[1].split()[1].split(’:’)[1] break dic[’ip’] = ipaddr return dic’’’ 根据输入的dmi段落数据 分析出指定参数 ’’’def parseDmi(parsed_data): dic = {} parsed_data = [i for i in parsed_data if i.startswith(’System Information’)] parsed_data = [i for i in parsed_data[0].split(’n’)[1:] if i] dmi_dic = dict([i.strip().split(’:’) for i in parsed_data]) dic[’vender’] = dmi_dic[’Manufacturer’].strip() dic[’product’] = dmi_dic[’Product Name’].strip() dic[’sn’] = dmi_dic[’Serial Number’].strip() return dic’’’ 获取Linux系统主机名称 ’’’def getHostname(): with open(’/etc/sysconfig/network’) as fd: for line in fd: if line.startswith(’HOSTNAME’): hostname = line.split(’=’)[1].strip() break return {’hostname’:hostname}’’’ 获取Linux系统的版本信息 ’’’def getOsVersion(): with open(’/etc/issue’) as fd: for line in fd: osver = line.strip() break return {’osver’:osver}’’’ 获取CPU的型号和CPU的核心数 ’’’def getCpu(): num = 0 with open(’/proc/cpuinfo’) as fd: for line in fd: if line.startswith(’processor’): num += 1 if line.startswith(’model name’): cpu_model = line.split(’:’)[1].strip().split() cpu_model = cpu_model[0] + ’ ’ + cpu_model[2] + ’ ’ + cpu_model[-1] return {’cpu_num’:num, ’cpu_model’:cpu_model}’’’ 获取Linux系统的总物理内存 ’’’def getMemory(): with open(’/proc/meminfo’) as fd: for line in fd: if line.startswith(’MemTotal’): mem = int(line.split()[1].strip()) break mem = ’%.f’ % (mem / 1024.0) + ’ MB’ return {’Memory’:mem}if __name__ == ’__main__’: dic = {} data_ip = getIfconfig() parsed_data_ip = parseData(data_ip) ip = parseIfconfig(parsed_data_ip) data_dmi = getDmi() parsed_data_dmi = parseData(data_dmi) dmi = parseDmi(parsed_data_dmi) hostname = getHostname() osver = getOsVersion() cpu = getCpu() mem = getMemory() dic.update(ip) dic.update(dmi) dic.update(hostname) dic.update(osver) dic.update(cpu) dic.update(mem) ’’’ 将获取到的所有数据信息并按简单格式对齐显示 ’’’ for k,v in dic.items(): print ’%-10s:%s’ % (k, v)

from subprocess import Popen, PIPEimport time’’’ 获取 ifconfig 命令的输出 ’’’# def getIfconfig():# p = Popen([’ipconfig’], stdout = PIPE)# data = p.stdout.read()# data = data.decode(’cp936’).encode(’utf-8’)# return data## print(getIfconfig())p = Popen([’top -n 2 -d |grep Cpu’],stdout= PIPE,shell=True)data = p.stdout.read()info = data.split(’n’)[1]info_list = info.split()cpu_percent =’%s%%’%int(float(info_list[1])+float(info_list[3]))print cpu_percent

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