500行python代码实现飞机大战

本文实例为大家分享了python代码实现飞机大战的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

import pygameimport sysfrom pygame.sprite import Spritefrom pygame.sprite import Groupfrom time import sleepimport pygame.font# 修改游戏的一些新设置class Settings(): '''存储《外星人入侵》的所有设置的类''' def __init__(self): '''初始化游戏的设置''' # 屏幕设置 self.screen_width = 1200 self.screen_height = 800 self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230) # 浅灰色 # 飞船的设置，移动1.5像素 self.ship_limit = 3 # 子弹设置---创建宽3像素、高15像素的深灰色子弹 self.bullet_speed_factor = 3 self.bullet_width = 3 self.bullet_height = 15 self.bullet_color = 60, 60, 60 self.bullets_allowed = 3 # 外星人设置 self.fleet_drop_speed = 10 # 以什么样的速度加快游戏节奏 self.speedup_scale = 1.1 # 外星人点数的提高速度 self.score_scale = 1.5 self.initialize_dynamic_settings() def initialize_dynamic_settings(self): '''初始化随游戏进行而变化的设置''' self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5 self.bullet_speed_factor = 3 self.alien_speed_factor = 1 # fleet_direcction为1表示向右，为-1表示向左 self.fleet_direction = 1 # 计分 self.alien_points = 50 def increase_speed(self): '''提高速度设置和外星人点数''' self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale self.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale self.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale self.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)# 创建一个ship类class Ship(Sprite): def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen): '''初始化飞船并设置其起始位置''' super(Ship, self).__init__() self.screen = screen self.ai_settings = ai_settings # 加载飞船图像并获取其外接矩形 self.image = pygame.image.load(’images/ship.bmp’) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() # 以矩形形式来获取相应的surface属性 self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect() # 将每艘新飞船放在屏幕底部中央 self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom # 在飞船的属性center中存储小数值----在后面加快游戏节奏时更细致地控制飞船的速度 self.center = float(self.rect.centerx) # 移动标志 self.moving_right = False self.moving_left = False def update(self): '''根据移动标志调整飞船的位置''' # 更新飞船的center值，而不是rect if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right: self.center += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0: self.center -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor # 根据self.center更新rect对象 self.rect.centerx = self.center def center_ship(self): '''将飞船在屏幕居中''' self.center = self.screen_rect.centerx def blitme(self): '''在指定位置绘制飞船''' self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)# 创建一个Alien类class Alien(Sprite): '''表示单个外星人的类''' def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen): '''初始化外星人并设置其起始位置''' super(Alien, self).__init__() self.screen = screen self.ai_settings = ai_settings # 加载外星人图像，并设置其rect属性 self.image = pygame.image.load(’images/alien.bmp’) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() # 每个外星人最初都在屏幕左上角附近 self.rect.x = self.rect.width self.rect.y = self.rect.height # 存储外星人的准确位置 self.x = float(self.rect.x) def check_edges(self): '''如果外星人位于屏幕边缘，就返回True''' screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect() if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right: return True elif self.rect.left <= 0: return True def update(self): '''向左或向右移动外星人''' self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor * self.ai_settings.fleet_direction) self.rect.x = self.x def blitme(self): '''在指定位置绘制外星人''' self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width): '''计算每行可容纳多少个外星人''' available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 2 * alien_width number_aliens_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width)) return number_aliens_xdef get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height): '''计算屏幕可容纳多少行外星人''' available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) - ship_height) number_rows = int(available_space_y / (2 * alien_height)) return number_rowsdef create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number): '''创建一个外星人并将其放在当前行''' alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) alien_width = alien.rect.width alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number alien.rect.x = alien.x alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number aliens.add(alien)def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens): '''创建外星人群''' # 创建一个外星人，并计算一行可容纳多少个外星人 # 外星人间距为外星人宽度 alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width) number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height, alien.rect.height) # 创建外星人群 for row_number in range(number_rows): for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x): # 创建一个外星人并将其加入当前行 create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number)class Bullet(Sprite): '''一个对飞船发射的子弹进行管理的类''' def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, ship): '''在飞船所处的位置创建一个子弹对象''' super(Bullet, self).__init__() self.screen = screen # 在(0, 0)处创建一个表示子弹的矩形，再设置正确的位置 self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, ai_settings.bullet_width, ai_settings.bullet_height) self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerx self.rect.top = ship.rect.top # 存储用小数表示的子弹位置 self.y = float(self.rect.y) # 设置子弹射出的颜色和速度 self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor def update(self): '''向上移动子弹''' # 更新表示子弹位置的小数值 self.y -= self.speed_factor # 更新表示子弹的rect位置 self.rect.y = self.y def draw_bullet(self): '''在屏幕上绘制子弹''' pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)# 管理事件，设置两个函数，一个处理KEYDOWN事件，一个处理KEYUP事件def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): '''响应按键''' if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: ship.moving_right = True elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: ship.moving_left = True elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: fire_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets) elif event.key == pygame.K_q: sys.exit()def check_keyup_events(event, ship): '''响应松开''' if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: ship.moving_right = False elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: ship.moving_left = Falsedef check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets): '''响应按键和鼠标事件''' for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets) elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP: check_keyup_events(event, ship) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y)def check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y): '''在玩家单击Play按钮时开始新游戏''' button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y) if button_clicked and not stats.game_active: # 重置游戏设置 ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings() # 隐藏光标 pygame.mouse.set_visible(False) # 重置游戏统计信息 stats.reset_stats() stats.game_active = True # 重置记分牌图像 sb.prep_score() sb.prep_high_score() sb.prep_level() sb.prep_ships() # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表 aliens.empty() bullets.empty() # 创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船居中 create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) ship.center_ship()def fire_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): '''如果还没有到达限制，就发射一颗子弹''' # 创建一颗子弹，并将其加入到编组bullets中 if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship) bullets.add(new_bullet)def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets): '''响应子弹和外星人的碰撞''' # 如果是这样，就删除相应的子弹和外星人 collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True) if len(aliens) == 0: # 消除已有的子弹，加快游戏节奏，并创建一群新的外星人 # 如wan果整群外星人都被消灭，就提高一个等级 bullets.empty() ai_settings.increase_speed() # 提高等级 stats.level += 1 sb.prep_level() create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) if collisions: for aliens in collisions.values(): stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens) sb.prep_score() check_high_score(stats, sb)def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets): '''更新子弹位置，并删除已消失的子弹''' # 更新子弹位置 bullets.update() # 删除已消失的子弹 for bullet in bullets.copy(): if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0: bullets.remove(bullet) check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens): '''将整群外星人向下移，并改变它们的方向''' for alien in aliens.sprites(): alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens): '''有外星人到达边缘时采取响应的措施''' for alien in aliens.sprites(): if alien.check_edges(): change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens) breakdef ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets): '''响应被外星人撞到的飞船''' if stats.ships_left > 0: # 将ships_left减1 stats.ships_left -= 1 # 更新记分牌 sb.prep_ships() # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表 aliens.empty() bullets.empty() # 创建一群新的外星人，并将飞船放到屏幕底端中央 create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) ship.center_ship() # 暂停 sleep(0.5) else: stats.game_active = False pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets): '''检查是否有外星人到达了屏幕底端''' screen_rect = screen.get_rect() for alien in aliens.sprites(): if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom: # 像飞船被撞到一样进行处理 ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets) breakdef update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets): '''检查是否有外星人位于屏幕边缘，并更新整群外星人的位置''' check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens) aliens.update() # 检测外星人和飞船之间的碰撞 if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens): ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets) # 检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端 check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)class GameStats(): '''跟踪游戏的统计信息''' def __init__(self, ai_settings): '''初始化统计信息''' self.ai_settings = ai_settings self.reset_stats() # 游戏刚启动时处于非活跃状态，为了添加Play按钮 self.game_active = False # 在任何情况下都不应重置最高得分 self.high_score = 0 def reset_stats(self): '''初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息''' self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit self.score = 0 self.level = 1class Scoreboard(): '''显示得分信息的类''' def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, stats): '''初始化显示得分涉及的属性''' self.screen = screen self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect() self.ai_settings = ai_settings self.stats = stats # 显示得分信息时使用的字体设置 self.text_color = (30, 30, 30) self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48) # 准备包含最高得分和当前得分的图像 self.prep_score() self.prep_high_score() self.prep_level() self.prep_ships() def prep_score(self): '''将得分转换为一幅渲染的图像''' rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score, -1)) score_str = '{:,}'.format(rounded_score) self.score_image = self.font.render(score_str, True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color) # 将得分放在屏幕右上角 self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect() self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20 self.score_rect.top = 20 def prep_high_score(self): '''将最高得分转换为渲染的图像''' high_score = int(round(self.stats.high_score, -1)) high_score_str = '{:,}'.format(high_score) self.high_score_image = self.font.render(high_score_str, True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color) # 将最高得分放在屏幕中央 self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect() self.high_score_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx self.high_score_rect.top = self.score_rect.top def prep_level(self): '''将等级转换为渲染的图像''' self.level_image = self.font.render(str(self.stats.level), True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color) # 将等级放在得分下方 self.level_rect = self.level_image.get_rect() self.level_rect.right = self.score_rect.right self.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom + 10 def prep_ships(self): '''显示还余下多少艘飞船''' self.ships = Group() for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left): ship = Ship(self.ai_settings, self.screen) ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.width ship.rect.y = 10 self.ships.add(ship) def show_score(self): '''在屏幕上显示得分和飞船''' self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect) self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image, self.high_score_rect) self.screen.blit(self.level_image, self.level_rect) # 绘制飞船 self.ships.draw(self.screen)def check_high_score(stats, sb): '''检查是否诞生了新的最高得分''' if stats.score > stats.high_score: stats.high_score = stats.score sb.prep_high_score()class Button(): def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, msg): '''初始化按钮的属性''' self.screen = screen self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect() # 设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性 self.width, self.height = 200, 50 self.button_color = (0, 255, 0) # 亮绿色 self.text_color = (255, 255, 255) # 白色 self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48) # 使用默认、48号字体 # 创建按钮的rect对象，并使其居中 self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height) self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center # 按钮的标签只需创建一次 self.prep_msg(msg) def prep_msg(self, msg): '''将msg渲染为图像，并使其在按钮上居中''' self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg, True, self.text_color, self.button_color) self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect() self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center def draw_button(self): # 绘制一个用颜色填充的按钮，再绘制文本 self.screen.fill(self.button_color, self.rect) self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)# 更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets, play_button): '''更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕''' # 每次循环时都重新绘制屏幕 screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color) # 在飞船和外星人后面重新绘制所有子弹 for bullet in bullets.sprites(): bullet.draw_bullet() ship.blitme() aliens.draw(screen) # 显示得分 sb.show_score() # 如果游戏处于非活跃状态，就绘制Play按钮 if not stats.game_active: play_button.draw_button() # 让最近绘制的屏幕可见 pygame.display.flip()def run_game(): # 初始化游戏并创建一个屏幕对象 pygame.init() ai_settings = Settings() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height)) pygame.display.set_caption('Alien Invation') # 创建一艘飞船 ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen) # 创建一个外星人 alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) # 创建一个用于存储子弹的编组 bullets = Group() # 创建一个外星人编组 aliens = Group() # 创建一个外星人群 create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) # 创建存储游戏统计信息的实例，并创建记分牌 stats = GameStats(ai_settings) sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats) # 创建Play按钮 play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, 'Play') # 开始游戏的主循环 while True: check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets) if stats.game_active: ship.update() update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets) update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets) update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets, play_button)run_game()

结果如下图所示：

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