python自动脚本的pyautogui入门学习

本文介绍了pyautogui入门学习，分享给大家，也给自己留个笔记

安装

pip install pyautogui

学习使用

加载模块

import pyautogui

获取信息类

电脑屏幕的左上角是位置（0，0），向右X坐标增加，向下Y坐标增加

# 获取屏幕尺寸screenWidth, screenHeight = pyautogui.size()# 获取鼠标当前位置currentMouseX, currentMouseY = pyautogui.position()

进行操作类

鼠标

# 鼠标移动到屏幕中心pyautogui.moveTo(screenWidth / 2, screenHeight / 2)# 将鼠标移动到固定位置pyautogui.moveTo(100, 100)# 用“1秒”的时间移动到固定位置pyautogui.moveTo(100, 100, duration=1)# 将鼠标移动到相对当前“下方100”的位置pyautogui.moveRel(0, 100) # 鼠标左键拖拽到屏幕“100，200”的位置pyautogui.dragTo(100, 200, button=’left’) # 鼠标左键用“2秒”拖拽到屏幕“300，400”的位置pyautogui.dragTo(300, 400, 2, button=’left’) # 鼠标左键用“2秒”拖拽到相对当前“右边30”的位置pyautogui.dragRel(30, 0, 2, button=’left’)### button属性可以有：leftmiddleright# 鼠标左键单击pyautogui.click()# 鼠标左键单击“100，200”位置pyautogui.click(x=100, y=200)# 鼠标左键双击pyautogui.doubleClick()# 鼠标左键三击pyautogui.tripleClick()# 鼠标右键单击pyautogui.click(button=’right’)# 鼠标右键单击pyautogui.rightClick()# 鼠标右键间隔0.25秒单击3次pyautogui.click(button=’right’, clicks=3, interval=0.25)# 鼠标左键放下pyautogui.mouseDown()# 鼠标左键抬起pyautogui.mouseUp()# 鼠标滚轮上滚10pyautogui.scroll(10)# 鼠标滚轮下滚10pyautogui.scroll(-10)

键盘

# 输入一个字符串pyautogui.typewrite(’Hello world!’)# 每个字母间隔0.25秒输入一个字符串pyautogui.typewrite(’Hello world!’, interval=0.25) # 键入 'a', 然后敲击左方向键, 再键入 'b'.pyautogui.typewrite([’a’,’left’,’b’])# 按键pyautogui.press(’esc’)# 连续按键pyautogui.press([’left’, ’left’, ’left’, ’left’, ’left’, ’left’])# 键盘按下pyautogui.keyDown(’shift’)# 键盘释放pyautogui.keyUp(’shift’)# 热键按住ctrl的同时按下cpyautogui.hotkey(’ctrl’, ’c’)

支持的按键有：

[’t’, ‘n’, ‘r’, ’ ‘, ‘!’, ‘'’, ‘#’, ‘$’, ‘%’, ‘&’, '’', ‘(’,‘)’, ‘*’, ‘+’, ‘,’, ‘-’, ‘.’, ‘/’, ‘0’, ‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’, ‘6’, ‘7’,‘8’, ‘9’, ‘:’, ‘;’, ‘<’, ‘=’, ‘>’, ‘?’, ‘@’, ‘[’, ‘’, ‘]’, ‘^’, ‘_’, ‘`’,‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’,‘f’, ‘g’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘j’, ‘k’, ‘l’, ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘o’,‘p’, ‘q’, ‘r’, ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘u’, ‘v’, ‘w’, ‘x’, ‘y’, ‘z’, ‘{’, ‘|’, ‘}’, ‘~’,‘accept’, ‘add’, ‘alt’, ‘altleft’, ‘altright’, ‘apps’, ‘backspace’,‘browserback’, ‘browserfavorites’, ‘browserforward’, ‘browserhome’,‘browserrefresh’, ‘browsersearch’, ‘browserstop’, ‘capslock’, ‘clear’,‘convert’, ‘ctrl’, ‘ctrlleft’, ‘ctrlright’, ‘decimal’, ‘del’, ‘delete’,‘divide’, ‘down’, ‘end’, ‘enter’, ‘esc’, ‘escape’, ‘execute’, ‘f1’, ‘f10’,‘f11’, ‘f12’, ‘f13’, ‘f14’, ‘f15’, ‘f16’, ‘f17’, ‘f18’, ‘f19’, ‘f2’, ‘f20’,‘f21’, ‘f22’, ‘f23’, ‘f24’, ‘f3’, ‘f4’, ‘f5’, ‘f6’, ‘f7’, ‘f8’, ‘f9’,‘final’, ‘fn’, ‘hanguel’, ‘hangul’, ‘hanja’, ‘help’, ‘home’, ‘insert’, ‘junja’,‘kana’, ‘kanji’, ‘launchapp1’, ‘launchapp2’, ‘launchmail’,‘launchmediaselect’, ‘left’, ‘modechange’, ‘multiply’, ‘nexttrack’,‘nonconvert’, ‘num0’, ‘num1’, ‘num2’, ‘num3’, ‘num4’, ‘num5’, ‘num6’,‘num7’, ‘num8’, ‘num9’, ‘numlock’, ‘pagedown’, ‘pageup’, ‘pause’, ‘pgdn’,‘pgup’, ‘playpause’, ‘prevtrack’, ‘print’, ‘printscreen’, ‘prntscrn’,‘prtsc’, ‘prtscr’, ‘return’, ‘right’, ‘scrolllock’, ‘select’, ‘separator’,‘shift’, ‘shiftleft’, ‘shiftright’, ‘sleep’, ‘space’, ‘stop’, ‘subtract’, ‘tab’,‘up’, ‘volumedown’, ‘volumemute’, ‘volumeup’, ‘win’, ‘winleft’, ‘winright’, ‘yen’,‘command’, ‘option’, ‘optionleft’, ‘optionright’]

消息盒子

pyautogui.alert(text=’你好吗’, title=’问候’, button=’我很好’)

返回button值

pyautogui.confirm(text=’你好吗’, title=’问候’, buttons=[’我很好’, ’我不好’, ’不告诉你’])

返回输入值

pyautogui.prompt(text=’你好吗’, title=’问候’ , default=’’)

将输入值用*号隐藏，返回输入值

pyautogui.password(text=’’, title=’’, default=’’, mask=’*’)

截图功能

首先需要安装Pillow模块

im1 = pyautogui.screenshot()# 截图整个屏幕并命名保存到本地im2 = pyautogui.screenshot(’my_screenshot.png’)# 截图区域“左侧，顶部，宽度和高度”im = pyautogui.screenshot(region=(0, 0, 300, 400))# 返回值(left, top, width, height)button7location = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’calc7key.png’)

实战练习

1、计算机自动计算

打开电脑自带的计算器利用截图工具截取4张图，并依次命名将python程序和计算器一同打开在桌面上运行python程序

# 自动计算器输入import pyautoguix = [0]*4x[0] = pyautogui.locateCenterOnScreen(’7.png’)x[1] = pyautogui.locateCenterOnScreen(’+.png’)x[2] = pyautogui.locateCenterOnScreen(’5.png’)x[3] = pyautogui.locateCenterOnScreen(’=.png’)for i in range(4): pyautogui.click(x[i])

2、自动画图

# 自动画图import pyautoguiimport timetime.sleep(5)distance = 200while distance > 0: pyautogui.dragRel(distance, 0, duration=0.5) # move right distance -= 5 pyautogui.dragRel(0, distance, duration=0.5) # move down pyautogui.dragRel(-distance, 0, duration=0.5) # move left distance -= 5 pyautogui.dragRel(0, -distance, duration=0.5) # move up

参见官网：https://pyautogui.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

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