python GUI框架pyqt5 对图片进行流式布局的方法（瀑布流flowlayout）

流式布局

流式布局，也叫做瀑布流布局，是网页中经常使用的一种页面布局方式，它的原理就是将高度固定，然后图片的宽度自适应，这样加载出来的图片看起来就像瀑布一样整齐的水流淌下来。

pyqt流式布局

那么在pyqt5中我们怎么使用流式布局呢？pyqt没有这个控件，需要我们自己去封装，下面是流式布局的封装代码。

class FlowLayout(QLayout): def __init__(self, parent=None, margin=0, spacing=-1): super(FlowLayout, self).__init__(parent) if parent is not None: self.setContentsMargins(margin, margin, margin, margin) self.setSpacing(spacing) self.itemList = [] def __del__(self): item = self.takeAt(0) while item: item = self.takeAt(0) def addItem(self, item): self.itemList.append(item) def count(self): return len(self.itemList) def itemAt(self, index): if index >= 0 and index < len(self.itemList): return self.itemList[index] return None def takeAt(self, index): if index >= 0 and index < len(self.itemList): return self.itemList.pop(index) return None def expandingDirections(self): return Qt.Orientations(Qt.Orientation(0)) def hasHeightForWidth(self): return True def heightForWidth(self, width): height = self.doLayout(QRect(0, 0, width, 0), True) return height def setGeometry(self, rect): super(FlowLayout, self).setGeometry(rect) self.doLayout(rect, False) def sizeHint(self): return self.minimumSize() def minimumSize(self): size = QSize() for item in self.itemList: size = size.expandedTo(item.minimumSize()) margin, _, _, _ = self.getContentsMargins() size += QSize(2 * margin, 2 * margin) return size def doLayout(self, rect, testOnly): x = rect.x() y = rect.y() lineHeight = 0 for item in self.itemList: wid = item.widget() spaceX = self.spacing() + wid.style().layoutSpacing(QSizePolicy.PushButton,QSizePolicy.PushButton, Qt.Horizontal) spaceY = self.spacing() + wid.style().layoutSpacing(QSizePolicy.PushButton,QSizePolicy.PushButton, Qt.Vertical) nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + spaceX if nextX - spaceX > rect.right() and lineHeight > 0: x = rect.x() y = y + lineHeight + spaceY nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + spaceX lineHeight = 0 if not testOnly: item.setGeometry(QRect(QPoint(x, y), item.sizeHint())) x = nextX lineHeight = max(lineHeight, item.sizeHint().height()) return y + lineHeight - rect.y()

封装好的流式布局类，我们只要传入相应的layout之后，他就会自动计算页面的元素，适应页面的宽度。

下面是我们写的一个瀑布流显示图片的代码:

from PyQt5.QtCore import QPoint, QRect, QSize, Qtimport osfrom PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgetsfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import ( QApplication, QLayout, QPushButton, QSizePolicy, QWidget, QGridLayout)class Window(QWidget): def __init__(self): self.imageheight = 100 super(Window, self).__init__() self.resize(400, 300) flowLayout = FlowLayout() highlight_dir = './' self.files_it = iter([os.path.join(highlight_dir, file) for file in os.listdir(highlight_dir)]) print() for file in iter(self.files_it): layout = QGridLayout() pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(file) if not pixmap.isNull():autoWidth = pixmap.width()*self.imageheight/pixmap.height()label = QtWidgets.QLabel(pixmap=pixmap)label.setScaledContents(True)label.setFixedHeight(self.imageheight)print(autoWidth)label.setFixedWidth(autoWidth)#label.setFixedSize(100, 50)layout.addWidget(label)widget = QWidget()widget.setLayout(layout)flowLayout.addWidget(widget) self.setLayout(flowLayout) self.setWindowTitle('Flow Layout')class FlowLayout(QLayout): def __init__(self, parent=None, margin=0, spacing=-1): super(FlowLayout, self).__init__(parent) if parent is not None: self.setContentsMargins(margin, margin, margin, margin) self.setSpacing(spacing) self.itemList = [] def __del__(self): item = self.takeAt(0) while item: item = self.takeAt(0) def addItem(self, item): self.itemList.append(item) def count(self): return len(self.itemList) def itemAt(self, index): if index >= 0 and index < len(self.itemList): return self.itemList[index] return None def takeAt(self, index): if index >= 0 and index < len(self.itemList): return self.itemList.pop(index) return None def expandingDirections(self): return Qt.Orientations(Qt.Orientation(0)) def hasHeightForWidth(self): return True def heightForWidth(self, width): height = self.doLayout(QRect(0, 0, width, 0), True) return height def setGeometry(self, rect): super(FlowLayout, self).setGeometry(rect) self.doLayout(rect, False) def sizeHint(self): return self.minimumSize() def minimumSize(self): size = QSize() for item in self.itemList: size = size.expandedTo(item.minimumSize()) margin, _, _, _ = self.getContentsMargins() size += QSize(2 * margin, 2 * margin) return size def doLayout(self, rect, testOnly): x = rect.x() y = rect.y() lineHeight = 0 for item in self.itemList: wid = item.widget() spaceX = self.spacing() + wid.style().layoutSpacing(QSizePolicy.PushButton,QSizePolicy.PushButton, Qt.Horizontal) spaceY = self.spacing() + wid.style().layoutSpacing(QSizePolicy.PushButton,QSizePolicy.PushButton, Qt.Vertical) nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + spaceX if nextX - spaceX > rect.right() and lineHeight > 0:x = rect.x()y = y + lineHeight + spaceYnextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + spaceXlineHeight = 0 if not testOnly:item.setGeometry(QRect(QPoint(x, y), item.sizeHint())) x = nextX lineHeight = max(lineHeight, item.sizeHint().height()) return y + lineHeight - rect.y()if __name__ == ’__main__’: import sys app = QApplication(sys.argv) mainWin = Window() mainWin.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())

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