Python使用requests xpath 并开启多线程爬取西刺代理ip实例

我就废话不多说啦，大家还是直接看代码吧！

import requests,randomfrom lxml import etreeimport threadingimport timeangents = [ 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20', 'Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52',]def get_all_xici_urls(start_num,stop_num): xici_urls = [] for num in range(start_num,len(stop_num)+1): xici_http_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/’ xici_http_url += str(num) xici_urls.append(xici_http_url) print(’获取所有待爬取xici url 已完成...’) return xici_urlsdef get_all_http_ip(xici_http_url,headers,proxies_list): try: all_ip_xpath = ’//table//tr/child::*[2]/text()’ all_prot_xpath = ’//table//tr/child::*[3]/text()’ response = requests.get(url=xici_http_url,headers=headers) html_tree = etree.HTML(response.text) ip_list = html_tree.xpath(all_ip_xpath) port_list = html_tree.xpath(all_prot_xpath) # print(ip_list) # print(prot_list) new_proxies_list = [] for index in range(1,len(ip_list)): # print(’http://{}:{}’.format(ip_list[index],port_list[index])) proxies_dict = {} proxies_dict[’http’] = ’http://{}:{}’.format(str(ip_list[index]),str(port_list[index])) new_proxies_list.append(proxies_dict) proxies_list += new_proxies_list return proxies_list except Exception as e: print(’发生了错误：url为 ’,xici_http_url,’错误为 ’,e)if __name__ == ’__main__’: start_num = int(input(’请输入起始页面：’).strip()) stop_num = int(input(’请输入结束页面：’).strip()) print(’开始爬取...’) t_list = [] # 容纳需要使用的西刺代理ip proxies_list = [] # 使用多线程 xici_urls = get_all_xici_urls(start_num,stop_num) for xici_get_url in xici_urls: #随机筛选一个useragent headers = {’User-Agent’: random.choice(angents)} t = threading.Thread(target=get_all_http_ip,args=(xici_get_url,headers,proxies_list)) t.start() t_list.append(t) for j in t_list: j.join() print(’所有需要的代理ip已爬取完成...’) print(proxies_list) print(len(proxies_list))

补充知识：python爬取xici的免费代理、并验证(重点、清楚)

网上爬取xici的帖子很多，但是验证都说的不是很清楚，这里我会认真给大家解释

这里我写了一个代理类proxy，写了四个方法（个人写法不必在意），get_user_agent（得到随机use-agent,请求头中最重要的一个）、get_proxy(爬取代理IP)、test_proxy(验证代理可用性）、store_txt(将可用的代理保存到txt文件中。

1.爬取：headers是请求头，choice是可以选择是爬取Http代理还是https代理，first、end为开始和结束的页码（结束不包含最后一页）

def get_proxy(self, headers, choice=’http’, first=1, end=2): ''' 获取代理 :param choice: :param first: 开始爬取的页数 :param end: 结束爬取的后一页 :return: ''' ip_list = [] base_url = None# 选择爬取的网站，一个是http、一个是https的 if choice == ’http’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/’ elif choice == ’https’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/’# 控制页码用正则匹配，并将爬取的IP和端口号用:链接 for n in range(first, end): actual_url = base_url + str(n) html = requests.get(url=actual_url, headers=headers).text pattern = ’(d+.d+.d+.d+)</td>s*<td>(d+)’ re_list = re.findall(pattern, html) for ip_port in re_list:ip_port = ip_port[0] + ’:’ + ip_port[1]ip_list.append(ip_port) return ip_list

2. 验证：网上大部分是用request直接请求一个网址看是否通过或者看状态码是否是200， 但是有一个问题是即使你设置了代理IP。可能会通过，但通过的不是用你设置的代理IP而是用你自己公网下的IP（大部分时候我们用ifconfig查询的是我们所在局域网下的IP，及私网IP）。

linux下你可以用这些命令的其中任何一个查看你的公网IP：

curl icanhazip.comcurl ifconfig.mecurl curlmyip.comcurl ip.appspot.comcurl ipinfo.io/ipcurl ipecho.net/plaincurl www.trackip.net/i

注意：那这样要怎么办，其实我们可以向上述命令一样先用你爬下的代理IP访问 http://icanhazip.com/， 它可以返回你电脑发送请求时的公网IP（此时如果你设置代理IP了就会是返回你所发送请求的代理IP），然后你将它爬取下来（直接获取返回的值的文本就可以了），并和你发送请求时的代理IP作比较，如果不相等说明此代理IP不能用，因为虽然你设置了代理Ip，但是电脑在你代理IP请求不同的情况下，直接又使用了你公网的IP去请求，当然成功了，但不代表你的代理IP可以用。如果相等，那就证明此网站就是你所用的代理IP访问请求成功的，所以此IP可用。

def test_proxy(self, ip_port, choice=’http’): ''' 测试代理是否能用 :param ip_port: :param choice: :return: ''' proxies = None # 这个网站可以返回你公网下的IP，如果你加代理请求后，返回的就是你代理的IP（这样做是防止你虽然用的是代理IP，但实际是用你自己的公网IP访问的请求） tar_url = 'http://icanhazip.com/' # 获取随机User-agent user_agent = self.get_user_agent() # 将user-agent放在headers中 headers = {’User-Agent’: user_agent} # 选择验证的是http、还是https if choice == ’http’: proxies = {'http': 'http://'+ip_port, } elif choice == ’https’: proxies = {'https': 'https://' + ip_port, } try: # 将IP从IP和端口号连起来的分出来 thisIP = ''.join(ip_port.split(':')[0:1]) res = requests.get(tar_url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, timeout=8) # 爬取下来返回的值，一定要用strip去除空格 proxyIP = res.text.strip() # 三个状态，如过直接通不过，那就返回false，如果通过但是不是代理的IP，也返回false if proxyIP == thisIP:return proxyIP else:return False except: return False

最后附上整段代码：

import requestsimport reimport randomimport codecsfrom urllib import parse class proxy: ''' 代理类 ''' def __init__(self): pass def get_user_agent(self): ''' 得到随机user-agent :return: ''' user_agents = [ 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20', 'Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10' ] user_agent = random.choice(user_agents) return user_agent def get_proxy(self, headers, choice=’http’, first=1, end=2): ''' 获取代理 :param choice: :param first: 开始爬取的页数 :param end: 结束爬取的后一页 :return: ''' ip_list = [] base_url = None if choice == ’http’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/’ elif choice == ’https’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/’ for n in range(first, end): actual_url = base_url + str(n) html = requests.get(url=actual_url, headers=headers).text pattern = ’(d+.d+.d+.d+)</td>s*<td>(d+)’ re_list = re.findall(pattern, html) for ip_port in re_list:ip_port = ip_port[0] + ’:’ + ip_port[1]ip_list.append(ip_port) return ip_list def test_proxy(self, ip_port, choice=’http’): ''' 测试代理是否能用 :param ip_port: :param choice: :return: ''' proxies = None # 这个网站可以返回你公网下的IP，如果你加代理请求后，返回的就是你代理的IP（这样做是防止你虽然用的是代理IP，但实际是用你自己的公网IP访问的请求） tar_url = 'http://icanhazip.com/' user_agent = self.get_user_agent() headers = {’User-Agent’: user_agent} if choice == ’http’: proxies = {'http': 'http://'+ip_port, } elif choice == ’https’: proxies = {'https': 'https://' + ip_port, } try: thisIP = ''.join(ip_port.split(':')[0:1]) res = requests.get(tar_url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, timeout=8) proxyIP = res.text.strip() if proxyIP == thisIP:return proxyIP else:return False except: return False def store_txt(self, choice=’http’, first=1, end=2): ''' 将测试通过的ip_port保存为txt文件 :param choice: :param first: :param end: :return: ''' user_agent = self.get_user_agent() headers = {’User-Agent’: user_agent} ip_list = self.get_proxy(headers=headers, choice=choice, first=first, end=end) with codecs.open('Http_Agent.txt', ’a’, ’utf-8’) as file: for ip_port in ip_list:ip_port = self.test_proxy(ip_port, choice=choice)print(ip_port)if ip_port: file.write(’’’ + ip_port + '’n')

以上这篇Python使用requests xpath 并开启多线程爬取西刺代理ip实例就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持好吧啦网。