浅谈SpringBoot如何自定义Starters

1、场景需要用到的依赖是什么？

比如依赖的jar

2、如何编写自动配置？

以WebMvcAutoConfiguration自动配置为例:

@Configuration@ConditionalOnWebApplication@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = '';public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = '';

@Configuration指定这是一个配置类@ConditionalOnXXX 在指定条件成立的情况下自动配置类生效

自动装配顺序在特定自动装配Class之前 @AutoConfigureBefore在特定自动装配Class之后@AutoConfigureAfter指定顺序@AutoConfigureOrder

@Bean 给容器中添加组件@ConfigurationPropertie结合相关xxxProperties类来绑定相关的配置

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = 'spring.mvc')public class WebMvcProperties {}

@EnableConfigurationProperties 让xxxProperties生效加入到容器中

@Configuration@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)@EnableConfigurationProperties({ WebMvcProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class })public static class WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {}

配置自动装配Bean：自动配置类要能加载将需要启动就加载的自动配置类，将标注@Configuration的自动配置类配置在META?INF/spring.factories下，自动配置类就会生效

# Auto Configureorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,

3、模式

启动器（starter）

启动器只用来做依赖导入专门写一个自动配置模块启动器依赖自动配置，别人只需要引入启动器（starters）

mybatis-spring-boot-starter 自定义启动器名 -spring-boot-starter

构建项目：1.先创建一个空工程

2、创建两个模块分别是启动器starter的maven模块和spring的初始化器创建的自动配置模块

启动器maven模块

自定义的starters

spring的初始化器创建模块（创建自动配置相关的模块）

在启动器starter的pom文件中引入配置类的坐标ming-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurer

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><project xmlns='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:schemaLocation='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd'> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.ming.springboot</groupId> <artifactId>ming-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies><dependency> <groupId>com.ming.springboot</groupId> <artifactId>ming-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurer</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency> </dependencies></project>

写一个打招呼的功能

package com.ming.springboot;/** * 打招呼的 * */public class HelloService { HelloProperties helloProperties; public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {return helloProperties; } public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {this.helloProperties = helloProperties; } public String sayHello(String name){return helloProperties.getPrefix()+'-'+name+helloProperties.getSuffix(); }}

HelloProperties 和Helloservice 进行属性绑定的

package com.ming.springboot;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = 'com.ming')public class HelloProperties { private String prefix; private String suffix; public String getPrefix() {return prefix; } public void setPrefix(String prefix) {this.prefix = prefix; } public String getSuffix() {return suffix; } public void setSuffix(String suffix) {this.suffix = suffix; }}

自动配置类

package com.ming.springboot;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration@ConditionalOnWebApplication //web应用才生效@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration { @Autowired HelloProperties helloProperties; @Bean public HelloService helloService(){HelloService helloService = new HelloService();helloService.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);return helloService; }}

然后将这两个模块安装到maven仓库中先安装配置模块因为starter模块依赖配置模块，别人调用我们的starter模块就行了

然后将启动器starter也装到仓库中，别人就可以用坐标引入了

在别的项目中引入自定义的启动器starter

<!--引入自定义的starter--><dependency> <groupId>com.ming.springboot</groupId> <artifactId>ming-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency>

配置application.properties

#自定义启动器startercom.ming.prefix=一起学习com.ming.suffix=你学费了吗

测试

@Autowired HelloService helloService; @Test public void starterTest(){String sayHello = helloService.sayHello('自定义starter');System.out.println(sayHello); }

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