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ASP.NET MVC实现城市或车型三级联动
三级或多级联动的场景经常会碰到，比如省、市、区，比如品牌、车系、车型，比如类别的多级联动......我们首先想到的是用三个select来展示，这是最通常的做法。但在另外一些场景中，比如确定搜索条件的时候，对于三级联动来说，可能选择1个，2个，或3个条件，我想，以下的方式可能更适合：
以上，可以只选择品牌，或同时选择品牌、车系，或同时选择品牌、车系、车型，最后把选择的内容展示到input上，并以逗号隔开。
可以实现的功能包括：
- 点击最上面的input弹出div，此时只显示品牌区域
- 点击最左边拼音首字母，导航到对应的品牌上
- 当把鼠标移动到某个品牌上，品牌为选中状态，其对应的车系显示在车系区域
- 当鼠标不在任何品牌上，所有品牌都为不选中状态
- 当把鼠标移动到某个车系上，车系为选中状态，其对应的车型显示在车型区域，选中车系的所属品牌也为选中状态
- 当鼠标不在任何车系上，所有车系、品牌都为不选中状态
- 当把鼠标移动到某个车型上，车型为选中状态，选中车型的所属车系为选中状态，选中车系所属品牌为选中状态
- 当鼠标不在任何车型上，所有车型、车系、品牌为不选中状态
- 点击品牌，品牌显示到input上
- 点击车系，品牌、车系显示到input上，并以逗号隔开
- 点击车型，品牌、车系、车型显示到input上，并以逗号隔开
- 点击div上的关闭按钮或者页面空白区域，div隐藏
界面的构成如下：
- 最上面的是一个input
- 品牌、车系、车型被包裹在一个div中，点击关闭按钮或点击空白处关闭的就是这个div
- 品牌区域是一个div，分为首字母导航div和品牌显示div
- 车系区域是一个div
- 车型区域是一个div
- 品牌、车系、车型内的内容是一些dl, dt, dd的html元素
- 样式的事情交给css
实现的思路大致这样：
- 给input点击事件，点击弹出品牌、车系、车型显示的div，并绑定页面空白区域的点击事件
- 导航首字母指向锚点，品牌按首字母分类并提供锚点id
- 在控制器中把品牌按照首字母分类，以json格式返回到前端，填充到tmpl模版，再追加到页面品牌区域
- 给品牌添加鼠标移上事件，品牌为选中状态，对应的车系显示在车系区域
- 给品牌添加鼠标移去事件
- 给品牌添加点击事件，把点击品牌显示到input上
- 给车系添加鼠标移上事件，当前车系为选中状态，其对应的车型显示在车型区域，其所属的品牌为选中状态
- 给车系添加鼠标移去事件
- 给车系添加点击事件，把点击车系和所属品牌显示到input上，以逗号隔开
- 给车型添加鼠标移上事件，当前车型为选择状态，其所属父类车系为选中状态，车型所属父类品牌也为选中状态
- 给车型添加点击事件，把点击车型和所属车系、品牌显示到input上，以逗号隔开
- 给关闭按钮添加点击事件，关闭div，并解除页面空白区域点击事件的绑定
领域先行，首先是有关品牌、车系、车型的模型：
public class CarCategory {public int Id { get; set; }public string Name { get; set; }public int PId { get; set; }public string FirstLetter { get; set; }public string AnchorName { get; set; }public int Level { get; set; } }- PId属性用来表示父类Id,车系的父类Id为某个品牌Id,车型的父类Id为某个车系Id
- FirstLetter属性用来表示首字母，作为分组的条件
- AnchorName属性用来表示品牌的锚点id，车系和车型此项为空
在ASP.NET MVC4中，在Shared/Layout.cshtml中，该有的css,js都必须有：
<head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <title>@ViewBag.Title</title> @Styles.Render("~/Content/css") @RenderSection("styles", required: false) <link href="~/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" /> @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery") <script src="~/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script></head><body> @RenderBody() @RenderSection("scripts", required: false)</body>模拟一个数据库，该数据库类可以获取到所有的品牌、车系、车型，以及根据品牌Id或车系Id获取对应的车系和车型。
public class Database {public static IEnumerable<CarCategory> GetCarCategories(){ return new List<CarCategory>() { new CarCategory(){Id = 0, Name = "奥迪",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "aa", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 1, Name = "奥斯顿·马丁",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "aa", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 2, Name = "宝骏",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 3, Name = "巴博斯",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 4, Name = "北汽威旺",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 5, Name = "北汽制造",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 6, Name = "奔驰",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 7, Name = "别克",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 8, Name = "宾利",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 9, Name = "保时捷",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 10, Name = "比亚迪",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 11, Name = "奔腾",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 12, Name = "标致",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 13, Name = "本田",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 14, Name = "宝马",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 15, Name = "北京汽车",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 16, Name = "昌河",FirstLetter = "C",AnchorName = "cc", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 17, Name = "长安",FirstLetter = "C",AnchorName = "cc", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 18, Name = "长城",FirstLetter = "C",AnchorName = "cc", Level = 1, PId = -1}, new CarCategory(){Id = 19, Name = "奥迪A4",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 2, PId = 0}, new CarCategory(){Id = 20, Name = "奥迪A6L",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 2, PId = 0}, new CarCategory(){Id = 21, Name = "奥迪Q3",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 2, PId = 0}, new CarCategory(){Id = 22, Name = "奥迪A4舒适版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 19}, new CarCategory(){Id = 23, Name = "奥迪A4尊贵版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 19}, new CarCategory(){Id = 24, Name = "奥迪A6L舒适版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 20}, new CarCategory(){Id = 25, Name = "奥迪A6L黄金版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 20}, new CarCategory(){Id = 26, Name = "奥迪Q3舒适版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 21}, new CarCategory(){Id = 27, Name = "奥迪Q3至尊版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 21}, };}//根据品牌或车系I获取所有车系或车型public static IEnumerable<CarCategory> GetCarCategoriesByPId(int pid){ return GetCarCategories().Where(c => c.PId == pid);} } 在HomeController中，在前端页面加载的时候，这里提供一个分组好的所有品牌的json格式给前端；当前端把鼠标移动到某个品牌上，这里根据品牌Id返回车系的json格式给前端；当前端把鼠标移动到某个车系上，这里根据车系Id返回车型的json格式给前端。
public class HomeController : Controller {public ActionResult Index(){ return View();}//获取所有品牌public ActionResult GetPinPai(){ var allPinPai = Database.GetCarCategories().Where(c => c.Level == 1).OrderBy(c => c.Id); var result = from p in allPinPaigroup p by new{ p.FirstLetter, p.AnchorName}into gselect new {firstletter = g.Key.FirstLetter, anchor = g.Key.AnchorName, pinpais = g}; return Json(result, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);}//根据品牌Id获取车系[HttpPost]public ActionResult GetCheXiByPId(int pid) { var allCheXi = Database.GetCarCategoriesByPId(pid).OrderBy(c => c.Id); var result = from c in allCheXiselect new {chexi = c.Name, cxid = c.Id, parentId = c.PId}; return Json(result);}//根据车系Id获取车型[HttpPost]public ActionResult GetCheXingByCxId(int cxid) { var allCheXing = Database.GetCarCategoriesByPId(cxid).OrderBy(c => c.Id); var result = from c in allCheXing select new { chexing = c.Name, chexingid = c.Id, parentId = c.PId }; return Json(result);} } 在Home/Index.cshtml视图中，品牌、车系、车型内容都是先填充到tmpl模版中，然后追加到页面某个区域上的。
@{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";}@section styles{ <link href="~/Content/CarSelect.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet" />}<div> <input type="text" id="mychoice"> <span><button type="button">∨</button> </span></div><div id="carcategory-picker-outer"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" rel="external nofollow" ></a> <div id="carcategory-picker-inner"><div id="pinpai"> <h6>请选择品牌</h6> <div id="PreLetter"><a href="#aa" rel="external nofollow" >A</a><a href="#bb" rel="external nofollow" >B</a><a href="#cc" rel="external nofollow" >C</a><a href="#dd" rel="external nofollow" >D</a><a href="#ff" rel="external nofollow" >F</a><a href="#gg" rel="external nofollow" >G</a><a href="#hh" rel="external nofollow" >H</a><a href="#jj" rel="external nofollow" >J</a><a href="#kk" rel="external nofollow" >K</a><a href="#ll" rel="external nofollow" >L</a><a href="#mm" rel="external nofollow" >M</a><a href="#nn" rel="external nofollow" >N</a><a href="#oo" rel="external nofollow" >O</a><a href="#qq" rel="external nofollow" >Q</a><a href="#rr" rel="external nofollow" >R</a><a href="#ss" rel="external nofollow" >S</a><a href="#ww" rel="external nofollow" >W</a><a href="#xx" rel="external nofollow" >X</a><a href="#yy" rel="external nofollow" >Y</a><a href="#zz" rel="external nofollow" >Z</a> </div> <div id="AllPinPai"> </div></div><div id="chexi"> <h6>请选择车系</h6> <div id="AllCheXi"> </div></div><div id="chexin"> <h6>请选择车型</h6> <div id="AllCheXing"> </div></div> </div></div>@section scripts{ <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.tmpl.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">$(function() { //加载所有品牌 $.getJSON("@Url.Action("GetPinPai", "Home")", function(data) {$("#pinpaiTemplate").tmpl(data).appendTo("#AllPinPai"); }); //点击input弹出品牌车系车型选择 $("#mychoice").on("click", function() {$("#carcategory-picker-outer").css("display", "block");$("body").bind("mousedown", onBodyDown);//绑定鼠标单击事件 }); //点击关闭按钮隐藏品牌车系车型选择 $(".cancel").on("click", function() {hideMenu(); }); //给所有品牌加上鼠标移动上事件 $("#AllPinPai").on("mouseover", ".ppm", function() {$(this).addClass("selected");$("#chexi").css("display", "block");$.post("@Url.Action("GetCheXiByPId","Home")", { "pid": $(this).attr("pid") }, function (data) { $("#AllCheXi").empty(); $("#AllCheXing").empty(); $("#chexiTemplate").tmpl(data).appendTo("#AllCheXi");}); }); //给所有品牌加上鼠标移去事件 $("#AllPinPai").on("mouseout", ".ppm", function () {$(this).removeClass("selected"); }); //品牌点击事件 $("#AllPinPai").on("click", ".ppm", function () {$("#mychoice").val("");$("#mychoice").val($(this).text());hideMenu(); }); //给车系加上鼠标移动上事件 $("#AllCheXi").on("mouseover", ".cxm", function () {//取取当前车系的父类Idvar parentId = $(this).attr("parentid");//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类$("#AllPinPai").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").addClass("selected");$(this).addClass("selected");$("#chexin").css("display", "block");$.post("@Url.Action("GetCheXingByCxId","Home")", { "cxid": $(this).attr("pid") }, function (data) { $("#AllCheXing").empty(); $("#chexingTemplate").tmpl(data).appendTo("#AllCheXing");}); }); //给车系加上鼠标移去事件 $("#AllCheXi").on("mouseout", ".cxm", function () {$(this).removeClass("selected");//取取当前车系的父类Idvar parentId = $(this).attr("parentid");//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类$("#AllPinPai").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").removeClass("selected"); }); //车系点击事件 $("#AllCheXi").on("click", ".cxm", function () {$("#mychoice").val("");//取取当前车系的父类Idvar parentId = $(this).attr("parentid");$("#mychoice").val($("#AllPinPai").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").text() + "," + $(this).text());hideMenu(); }); //给车型加上鼠标移上事件 $("#AllCheXing").on("mouseover", ".cxim", function () {//取出车型的父类idvar parentId = $(this).attr("parentid");//把车系中该父类添加selected这个类$("#AllCheXi").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").addClass("selected");//取出车系的父类idvar parentparentId = $("#AllCheXi").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").attr("parentid");//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类$("#AllPinPai").find("a[pid="" + parentparentId + ""]").addClass("selected"); }); //给车型加上鼠标移去事件 $("#AllCheXing").on("mouseout", ".cxim", function () {//取出车型的父类idvar parentId = $(this).attr("parentid");//把车系中该父类添加selected这个类$("#AllCheXi").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").removeClass("selected");//取出车系的父类idvar parentparentId = $("#AllCheXi").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").attr("parentid");//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类$("#AllPinPai").find("a[pid="" + parentparentId + ""]").removeClass("selected"); }); //车型点击事件 $("#AllCheXing").on("click", ".cxim", function () {$("#mychoice").val("");//取出车型的父类idvar parentId = $(this).attr("parentid");//取出车系的父类idvar parentparentId = $("#AllCheXi").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").attr("parentid");$("#mychoice").val($("#AllPinPai").find("a[pid="" + parentparentId + ""]").text() + "," + $("#AllCheXi").find("a[pid="" + parentId + ""]").text() + "," + $(this).text());hideMenu(); });});//隐藏树并解除绑定function hideMenu() { $("#carcategory-picker-outer").fadeOut("fast"); $("body").unbind("mousedown", onBodyDown);}//鼠标单击空白处事件function onBodyDown(event) { if (!(event.target.id == "mychoice" || event.target.id == "carcategory-picker-outer" || $(event.target).parents("#carcategory-picker-outer").length > 0)) {hideMenu(); }} </script> <script id="pinpaiTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"><dl> <dt id="${anchor}">${firstletter}</dt> {{if pinpais}} {{each pinpais}}<dd><a pid="${$value.Id}">${$value.Name}</a></dd>{{/each}} {{else}} <dd>没有此品牌</dd> {{/if}}</dl> </script> <script id="chexiTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"><dl> <dd><a pid="${cxid}" parentid="${parentId}">${chexi}</a></dd></dl> </script> <script id="chexingTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"><dl> <dd><a pid="${chexingid}" parentid="${parentId}">${chexing}</a></dd> </dl> </script>}css部分如下，关闭按钮可自找。
#carcategory-picker-outer { background: #f9f9f9; padding: 10px; width: 640px; height: 380px; position: relative; display: none;}#PreLetter { border: 0px solid blue; width: 21px; float: left;}#PreLetter a:link{ display: block; text-decoration: none; clear: both; font-size: 10px; text-align: center; padding-top: 0px; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; width: 15px; height: 15px; background-color: #e9e9e9; margin-top: 2px; font-weight: bold;}#PreLetter a:hover { border: 1px solid blue;}#PreLetter a:visited { border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;}#pinpai { border: 0px solid green; float: left;}#AllPinPai { border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; margin-left: 5px; float: left; padding-bottom: 0px; width: 120px; height: 340px; overflow-y: auto;}#AllPinPai dl dd a { text-decoration: none; display: block; padding-left: 10px;}#AllPinPai dl dd { padding-left: 0px;}#AllPinPai dl dd a:hover { /*background-color: gray;*/ color: white;}#AllPinPai dl { margin-bottom: 5px;}#chexi { border: 0px solid orange; float: left; margin-left: 10px; display: none;}#AllCheXi { width: 150px; height: 340px; overflow-y: auto; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;}#AllCheXi dl dd a { text-decoration: none; display: block; padding-left: 10px;}#AllCheXi dl dd { padding-left: 0px;}#AllCheXi dl dd a:hover { color: white;}#AllCheXi dl { margin-bottom: 5px;}#chexin { border: 0px solid red; float: left; margin-left: 10px; display: none;}#AllCheXing { width: 300px; height: 340px; overflow-y: auto; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; }#AllCheXing dl dd a { text-decoration: none; display: block; padding-left: 10px;}#AllCheXing dl dd { padding-left: 0px;}#AllCheXing dl dd a:hover { background-color: gray; color: white;}#AllCheXing dl { margin-bottom: 5px;}dt { background-color: #e9e9e9; padding-left: 10px;}dl { border: 0px solid red;}dd { padding-left: 10px; line-height: 15px; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px solid blue; /*background-color: gray;*/}.selected { background-color: gray; color: white;}.cancel { width: 20px; height: 17px; position: absolute; display: block; top: 20px; right: 20px; background-image: url("../img/close.png"); border: 1px solid orangered; background-color: orangered;}.input-group { width: 640px;}以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，谢谢大家对的支持。如果你想了解更多相关内容请查看下面相关链接
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