Android Retrofit2网路编程实现方法详解

Android里面本身有OKHttp，不过不是很好用，这里就用Retrofit2，简单好用。

首先，需要加入网络权限：

<uses-permission android:name='android.permission.INTERNET' /> <uses-permission android:name='android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE'/> <uses-permission android:name='android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE'/>

在build.gradle文件里加入引用包： Gson不用的话，就不需要添加

implementation ’com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.0.1’implementation ’com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.2’implementation ’com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.2’

这时准备工作做完了。

先创建一个接口文件TestService

package controller.hzl.com.testclient;import java.util.List;import okhttp3.ResponseBody;import retrofit2.Call;import retrofit2.http.Field;import retrofit2.http.FormUrlEncoded;import retrofit2.http.GET;import retrofit2.http.HTTP;import retrofit2.http.POST;import retrofit2.http.Path;public interface TestService { @FormUrlEncoded @POST('getmacaddress') Call<ResponseBody> TestCall2(@Field('mobile') String mobile); @FormUrlEncoded @POST('getmacaddress') Call<MacAdress> TestCall3(@Field('mobile') String mobile);}

这里的@POST('getmacaddress') 的getmacaddress 是URL除IP外的最后一个路径，可以理解为 IP+getmacaddress

这里用的是POST请求方式，@Field('mobile')为请求接口的参数。

写一个实体类模型，用来匹配接收的数据MacAdress

package controller.hzl.com.testclient;public class MacAdress { private String resultMsg; public String getResultMsg() { return resultMsg; } public void setResultMsg(String resultMsg) { this.resultMsg = resultMsg; } public String getResultState() { return resultState; } public void setResultState(String resultState) { this.resultState = resultState; } public String getResultObj() { return resultObj; } public void setResultObj(String resultObj) { this.resultObj = resultObj; } public String getMessage() { return message; } public void setMessage(String message) { this.message = message; } public String getDelta() { return delta; } public void setDelta(String delta) { this.delta = delta; } private String resultState; private String resultObj; private String message; private String delta;}

最后主MainActivity

package controller.hzl.com.testclient;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import android.app.Activity;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.ProgressBar;import android.widget.TextView;import okhttp3.MediaType;import okhttp3.RequestBody;import okhttp3.ResponseBody;import retrofit2.Call;import retrofit2.Callback;import retrofit2.Response;import retrofit2.Retrofit;import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button button1; private Button button2; private Button button3; private Button button4; private Button button5; private Button button6; private Button button7; private Button button8; private ImageView image; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1); button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2); button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3); button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button4); button5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button5); button6 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button6); button7 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button7); button8 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button8); image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image); button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View arg0) {GitHubServiceTest(); } }); button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View arg0) {IWeatherGetTest(); } }); } private void GitHubServiceTest() { Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl('http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/') .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .build(); TestService service = retrofit.create(TestService.class); //https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos Call<ResponseBody> call = service.TestCall2('13296540788'); call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) { // Get result bean from response.body() // List<Repo> repos = response.body(); System.out.println(response.code()); try { System.out.println(response.body().string()); String jsonstr = new String(response.body().bytes()); System.out.println('jsonstr='+jsonstr); }catch (Exception e){ } // Get header item from response String links = response.headers().get('Link'); showlog('links='+links); /** * 不同于retrofit1 可以同时操作序列化数据javabean和header */}@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable throwable) { throwable.printStackTrace(); //showlog(throwable.getCause().toString());} }); } private void IWeatherGetTest() { { Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl('http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/') .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .build(); TestService service = retrofit.create(TestService.class); //https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos Call<MacAdress> call = service.TestCall3('13296540788'); call.enqueue(new Callback<MacAdress>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call<MacAdress> call, Response<MacAdress> response) { // Get result bean from response.body() // List<Repo> repos = response.body(); System.out.println(response.code()); try { System.out.println(response.body().getResultObj()); System.out.println(response.body().getResultState()); }catch (Exception e){ } // Get header item from response String links = response.headers().get('Link'); showlog('links='+links); /** * 不同于retrofit1 可以同时操作序列化数据javabean和header */}@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call<MacAdress> call, Throwable throwable) { throwable.printStackTrace(); //showlog(throwable.getCause().toString());} }); } } public static void showlog(String info) { System.out.print('Retrofit ' + info + 'n'); } }

这里的baseUrl('http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/') 就是URL的前面路径，加上@POST('getmacaddress') 的getmacaddress 其实就是 ：http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/getmacaddress 请求的全路径。

两种方式:

TestCall2 是直接接收接收返回json的数据。

TestCall3 是用模型接收返回的json数据。

输出结构为：

代码

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