Springboot使用redis实现接口Api限流的实例

该篇介绍的内容如题，就是利用redis实现接口的限流（ 某时间范围内 最大的访问次数 ） 。

惯例，先看下我们的实战目录结构：

首先是pom.xml 核心依赖：

<!--用于redis数据库连接--><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency><!--用于redis lettuce 连接池pool使用--><dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>

然后是application.yml里面的redis接入配置：

spring: redis: lettuce: pool:#连接池最大连接数 使用负值代表无限制 默认为8max-active: 10#最大空闲连接 默认8max-idle: 10#最小空闲连接 默认0min-idle: 1 host: 127.0.0.1 password: 123456 port: 6379 database: 0 timeout: 2000msserver: port: 8710

redis的配置类， RedisConfig.java：

ps：可以看到日期是18年的，因为这些redis的整合教程，在这个系列里面一共有快10篇，不了解的看客如果感兴趣可以去看一看。

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer; import static org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig; /** * @Author: JCccc * @CreateTime: 2018-09-11 * @Description: */@Configuration@EnableCachingpublic class RedisConfig { @Bean public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration =defaultCacheConfig().disableCachingNullValues().serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class)));return RedisCacheManager.builder(connectionFactory).cacheDefaults(cacheConfiguration).build(); } @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);//序列化设置 ，这样为了存储操作对象时正常显示的数据，也能正常存储和获取redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);return redisTemplate; } @Bean public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = new StringRedisTemplate();stringRedisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);return stringRedisTemplate; }}

自定义注解：

import java.lang.annotation.*; /** * @Author JCccc * @Description * @Date 2021/7/23 11:46 */@Inherited@Documented@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)public @interface RequestLimit { /** * 时间内 秒为单位 */ int second() default 10; /** * 允许访问次数 */ int maxCount() default 5; //默认效果 ： 10秒内 对于使用该注解的接口，只能总请求访问数 不能大于 5次 }

接下来是拦截器 RequestLimitInterceptor.java：

拦截接口的方式 是通过 ip地址+接口url ，做时间内的访问计数

import com.elegant.testdemo.annotation.RequestLimit;import com.elegant.testdemo.utils.IpUtil;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; /** * @Author JCccc * @Description * @Date 2021/7/23 11:49 */ @Componentpublic class RequestLimitInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate; @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {try { if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;// 获取RequestLimit注解RequestLimit requestLimit = handlerMethod.getMethodAnnotation(RequestLimit.class);if (null==requestLimit) { return true;}//限制的时间范围int seconds = requestLimit.second();//时间内的 最大次数int maxCount = requestLimit.maxCount();String ipAddr = IpUtil.getIpAddr(request);// 存储keyString key = ipAddr+':'+request.getContextPath() + ':' + request.getServletPath();// 已经访问的次数Integer count = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);log.info('检测到目前ip对接口={}已经访问的次数', request.getServletPath() , count);if (null == count || -1 == count) { redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, 1, seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS); return true;}if (count < maxCount) { redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key); return true;}log.warn('请求过于频繁请稍后再试');returnData(response);return false; } return true;} catch (Exception e) { log.warn('请求过于频繁请稍后再试'); e.printStackTrace();}return true; } public void returnData(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {response.setCharacterEncoding('UTF-8');response.setContentType('application/json; charset=utf-8');ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();//这里传提示语可以改成自己项目的返回数据封装的类response.getWriter().println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString('请求过于频繁请稍后再试'));return; } }

接下来是 拦截器的配置 WebConfig.java:

import com.elegant.testdemo.interceptor.RequestLimitInterceptor;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; /** * @Author JCccc * @Description * @Date 2021/7/23 11:52 */ @Configurationpublic class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Autowired private RequestLimitInterceptor requestLimitInterceptor; @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(requestLimitInterceptor) //拦截所有请求路径.addPathPatterns('/**')//再设置 放开哪些路径.excludePathPatterns('/static/**','/auth/login'); } }

最后还有两个工具类

IpUtil：

https://www.jb51.net/article/218249.htm

RedisUtil :

https://www.jb51.net/article/218246.htm

最后写个测试接口

TestController.java

import com.elegant.testdemo.annotation.RequestLimit;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @Author JCccc * @Description * @Date 2021/7/23 11:55 */@RestControllerpublic class TestController { @GetMapping('/test') @RequestLimit(maxCount = 3,second = 60) public String test() {return '你好，如果对你有帮助，请点赞加关注。'; } }

这个/test接口的注解，我们设置的是 60秒内 最大访问次数为 3次 （实际应用应该是根据具体接口做相关的次数限制。）

然后使用postman测试一下接口：

前面三次都是请求通过的：

第四次：

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