Springboot项目中使用redis的配置详解

pom.xml文件如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><project xmlns='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:schemaLocation='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd'> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.lyy</groupId> <artifactId>redis-test</artifactId> <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version><!--始终从仓库中获取--><!--<relativePath/>--> </parent> <dependencies><!--web应用基本环境，如mvc--><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency> <!--redis包--><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency> </dependencies></project>

其中，spring-boot-starter-web包含springmvc。

application.yml文件如下：

server: port: 11011 servlet: context-path: /api/v1 spring: redis: # Redis数据库索引（默认为0） database: 0 # Redis服务器地址 host: 127.0.0.1 # Redis服务器连接端口 port: 6379# Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）# password: 1234563. 通过配置类，设置redis

RedisConfig类如下：

package com.apollo.config; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer; /** * @author ：apollo * @since ：Created in 2019/2/22 */@Configuration@EnableCachingpublic class RedisConfig { @Autowired private ObjectMapper objectMapper; /** * 自定义springSessionDefaultRedisSerializer对象，将会替代默认的SESSION序列化对象。 * 默认是JdkSerializationRedisSerializer，缺点是需要类实现Serializable接口。 * 并且在反序列化时如果异常会抛出SerializationException异常， * 而SessionRepositoryFilter又没有处理异常，故如果序列化异常时就会导致请求异常 */ @Bean(name = 'springSessionDefaultRedisSerializer') public GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer getGenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {return new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer(); } /** * JacksonJsonRedisSerializer和GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer的区别： * GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer在json中加入@class属性，类的全路径包名，方便反系列化。 * JacksonJsonRedisSerializer如果存放了List则在反系列化的时候， * 如果没指定TypeReference则会报错java.util.LinkedHashMap cannot be cast。 */ @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); // 使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerialize 替换默认序列化Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);// 设置value的序列化规则和 key的序列化规则redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); redisTemplate.setDefaultSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);redisTemplate.setEnableDefaultSerializer(true);redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();return redisTemplate; }}二、逻辑代码1. 程序入口

package com.apollo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * @author ：apollo * @since ：Created in 2019/2/22 */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Application { public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); }}2. 实体类

实体类Animal如下：

package com.apollo.bean; /** * @author ：apollo * @since ：Created in 2019/2/22 */public class Animal { private Integer weight; private Integer height; private String name; public Animal(Integer weight, Integer height, String name) {this.weight = weight;this.height = height;this.name = name; } ……这里是get、set方法}3. 公共返回类

package com.apollo.common; /** * @author ：apollo * @since ：Created in 2019/2/22 */public class ApiResult { public static final Integer STATUS_SUCCESS = 0; public static final Integer STATUS_FAILURE = -1; public static final String DESC_SUCCESS = '操作成功'; public static final String DESC_FAILURE = '操作失败'; private Integer status; private String desc; private Object result; private ApiResult() {} private ApiResult(Integer status, String desc, Object result) {this.status = status;this.desc = desc;this.result = result; } //这个方法和Builder设计模式二选一即可，功能是重复的 public static ApiResult success(Object result) {return success(DESC_SUCCESS, result); } //同上 public static ApiResult success(String desc, Object result) {return new ApiResult(STATUS_SUCCESS, desc, result); } //同上 public static ApiResult failure(Integer status) {return failure(status, null); } //同上 public static ApiResult failure(Integer status, String desc) {return failure(status, desc, null); } //同上 public static ApiResult failure(Integer status, String desc, Object result) {return new ApiResult(status, desc, result); } public static Builder builder() {return new Builder(); } //静态内部类，这里使用Builder设计模式 public static class Builder {private Integer status;private String desc;private Object result; public Builder status(Integer status) { this.status = status; return this;} public Builder desc(String desc) { this.desc = desc; return this;} public Builder result(Object result) { this.result = result; return this;} public ApiResult build() { return new ApiResult(status, desc, result);} } ……这里是get、set方法，这里的方法一定不能少，否则返回时无法将对象序列化}4. 请求处理Controller

RedisController类如下：

package com.apollo.controller; import com.apollo.bean.Animal;import com.apollo.common.ApiResult;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map; /** * @author ：apollo * @since ：Created in 2019/2/22 */@RestController@RequestMapping(value = '/redis')public class RedisController { @Autowired private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate; /** * 测试向redis中添加数据 * @param id * @return */ @GetMapping(value = '/{id}') public ApiResult addData2Redis(@PathVariable('id') Integer id) { redisTemplate.opsForValue().set('first', id);redisTemplate.opsForValue().set('second', 'hello world');redisTemplate.opsForValue().set('third',new Animal(100, 200, '二狗子')); return ApiResult.builder().status(ApiResult.STATUS_SUCCESS).desc('添加成功').build(); } /** * 测试从redis中获取数据 * @return */ @GetMapping('/redis-data') public ApiResult getRedisData() {Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();result.put('first', redisTemplate.opsForValue().get('first'));result.put('second', redisTemplate.opsForValue().get('second'));result.put('third', redisTemplate.opsForValue().get('third')); return ApiResult.builder().status(ApiResult.STATUS_SUCCESS).desc('获取成功').result(result).build(); }}

注意：这里是返回ApiResult对象，需要将返回的对象序列化，所以ApiResult中的get/set方法是必须的，否则会报错：HttpMessageNotWritableException: No converter found for return value of type: class com.apollo.common.ApiResult，找不到ApiResult类型的转换器。

使用postman请求http://localhost:11011/api/v1/redis/5，返回结果：

{ 'status': 0, 'desc': '添加成功', 'result': null}

登录到redis，使用命令dbsize查看存储的数据量：

数据量为3，对应我们上边程序中的3步操作。

使用postman请求http://localhost:11011/api/v1/redis/redis-data，返回结果：

{ 'status': 0, 'desc': '获取成功', 'result': {'third': { 'weight': 100, 'height': 200, 'name': '二狗子'},'first': 5,'second': 'hello world' }}

与我们之前存入的数据对比，是正确的。

github地址：https://github.com/myturn0/redis-test.git

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