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Spring Boot 集成Shiro的多realm配置过程

【字号: 日期:2023-08-07 13:13:40浏览:49作者:猪猪

我在做毕设的时候采用shiro进行登录认证和权限管理的实现。其中需求涉及使用三个角色分别是:学生、教师、管理员。现在要三者实现分开登录。即需要三个Realm——StudentRealm和TeacherRealm、AdminRealm,分别处理学生、教师和管理员的验证功能。

但是正常情况下,当定义了多个Realm,无论是学生登录,教师登录,还是管理员登录,都会由这三个Realm共同处理。这是因为,当配置了多个Realm时,我们通常使用的认证器是shiro自带的org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator,其中决定使用的Realm的是doAuthenticate()方法,源代码如下:

protected AuthenticationInfo doAuthenticate(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { assertRealmsConfigured(); Collection<Realm> realms = getRealms(); if (realms.size() == 1) { return doSingleRealmAuthentication(realms.iterator().next(), authenticationToken); } else { return doMultiRealmAuthentication(realms, authenticationToken); } }

上述代码的意思就是如果有多个Realm就会使用所有配置的Realm。 只有一个的时候,就直接使用当前的Realm。

为了实现需求,我会创建一个org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator的子类,并重写doAuthenticate()方法,让特定的Realm完成特定的功能。如何区分呢?我会同时创建一个org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken的子类,在其中添加一个字段loginType,用来标识登录的类型,即是学生登录、教师登录,还是管理员登录。具体步骤如下(我的代码使用的是Groovy):

enum LoginType { STUDENT('Student'), ADMIN('Admin'), TEACHER('Teacher') private String type private LoginType(String type) { this.type = type } @Override public String toString() { return this.type.toString() }}

接下来新建org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken的子类UserToken

import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordTokenclass UserToken extends UsernamePasswordToken { //登录类型,判断是学生登录,教师登录还是管理员登录 private String loginType public UserToken(final String username, final String password,String loginType) { super(username,password) this.loginType = loginType } public String getLoginType() { return loginType } public void setLoginType(String loginType) { this.loginType = loginType }}

第三步:新建org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator的子类UserModularRealmAuthenticator:

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationTokenimport org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticatorimport org.apache.shiro.realm.Realmimport org.slf4j.Loggerimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactory/** * 当配置了多个Realm时,我们通常使用的认证器是shiro自带的org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator,其中决定使用的Realm的是doAuthenticate()方法 * * 自定义Authenticator * 注意,当需要分别定义处理学生和教师和管理员验证的Realm时,对应Realm的全类名应该包含字符串“Student”“Teacher”,或者“Admin”。 * 并且,他们不能相互包含,例如,处理学生验证的Realm的全类名中不应该包含字符串'Admin'。 */class UserModularRealmAuthenticator extends ModularRealmAuthenticator { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserModularRealmAuthenticator.class) @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doAuthenticate(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { logger.info('UserModularRealmAuthenticator:method doAuthenticate() execute ') // 判断getRealms()是否返回为空 assertRealmsConfigured() // 强制转换回自定义的CustomizedToken UserToken userToken = (UserToken) authenticationToken // 登录类型 String loginType = userToken?.getLoginType() // 所有Realm Collection<Realm> realms = getRealms() // 登录类型对应的所有Realm Collection<Realm> typeRealms = new ArrayList<>() for (Realm realm : realms) { if (realm?.getName()?.contains(loginType)) typeRealms?.add(realm) } // 判断是单Realm还是多Realm if (typeRealms?.size() == 1){ logger.info('doSingleRealmAuthentication() execute ') return doSingleRealmAuthentication(typeRealms?.get(0), userToken) } else{ logger.info('doMultiRealmAuthentication() execute ') return doMultiRealmAuthentication(typeRealms, userToken) } }}

第四步:创建分别处理学生登录和教师登录、管理员登录的Realm: 我这里直接贴出了我项目中的代码,你们可以根据具体的需求进行操作。 AdminShiroRealm :

package com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.adminimport com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.common.UserTokenimport com.ciyou.edu.entity.Adminimport com.ciyou.edu.service.AdminServiceimport com.ciyou.edu.service.PermissionServiceimport org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationTokenimport org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealmimport org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollectionimport org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSourceimport org.slf4j.Loggerimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactoryimport org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowiredimport org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazyclass AdminShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AdminShiroRealm.class) @Autowired @Lazy private AdminService adminService @Autowired @Lazy private PermissionService permissionService @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { logger.info('开始Admin身份认证...') UserToken userToken = (UserToken)token String adminName = userToken?.getUsername() //获取用户名,默认和login.html中的adminName对应。 Admin admin = adminService?.findByAdminName(adminName) if (admin == null) { //没有返回登录用户名对应的SimpleAuthenticationInfo对象时,就会在LoginController中抛出UnknownAccountException异常 throw new UnknownAccountException('用户不存在!') } //验证通过返回一个封装了用户信息的AuthenticationInfo实例即可。 SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo( admin, //用户信息 admin?.getPassword(), //密码 getName() //realm name ) authenticationInfo.setCredentialsSalt(ByteSource.Util.bytes(admin?.getAdminName())) //设置盐 logger.info('返回Admin认证信息:' + authenticationInfo) return authenticationInfo }//当访问到页面的时候,链接配置了相应的权限或者shiro标签才会执行此方法否则不会执行 @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { logger.info('开始Admin权限授权(进行权限验证!!)') if (principals == null) { throw new AuthorizationException('PrincipalCollection method argument cannot be null.') } SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo() if(principals?.getPrimaryPrincipal() instanceof Admin){ Admin admin = (Admin) principals?.getPrimaryPrincipal() logger.info('当前Admin :' + admin ) authorizationInfo?.addRole('Admin') //每次都从数据库重新查找,确保能及时更新权限 admin?.setPermissionList(permissionService?.findPermissionByAdmin(admin?.getAdminId())) admin?.getPermissionList()?.each {current_Permission -> authorizationInfo?.addStringPermission(current_Permission?.getPermission()) } logger.info('当前Admin授权角色:' +authorizationInfo?.getRoles() + ',权限:' + authorizationInfo?.getStringPermissions()) return authorizationInfo } }}

TeacherShiroRealm :

package com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.teacherimport com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.common.UserTokenimport com.ciyou.edu.entity.Teacherimport com.ciyou.edu.service.TeacherServiceimport org.apache.shiro.authc.*import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealmimport org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollectionimport org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSourceimport org.slf4j.Loggerimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactoryimport org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowiredimport org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazyclass TeacherShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TeacherShiroRealm.class) //在自定义Realm中注入的Service声明中加入@Lazy注解即可解决@cacheble注解无效问题 //解决同时使用Redis缓存数据和缓存shiro时,@cacheble无效的问题 @Autowired @Lazy private TeacherService teacherService @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { logger.info('开始Teacher身份认证..') UserToken userToken = (UserToken)token String teacherId = userToken?.getUsername() Teacher teacher = teacherService?.findByTeacherId(teacherId) if (teacher == null) { //没有返回登录用户名对应的SimpleAuthenticationInfo对象时,就会在LoginController中抛出UnknownAccountException异常 throw new UnknownAccountException('用户不存在!') } //验证通过返回一个封装了用户信息的AuthenticationInfo实例即可。 SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo( teacher, //用户信息 teacher?.getPassword(), //密码 getName() //realm name ) authenticationInfo.setCredentialsSalt(ByteSource.Util.bytes(teacher?.getTeacherId())) //设置盐 return authenticationInfo }//当访问到页面的时候,链接配置了相应的权限或者shiro标签才会执行此方法否则不会执行 @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { logger.info('开始Teacher权限授权') if (principals == null) { throw new AuthorizationException('PrincipalCollection method argument cannot be null.') } SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo() if(principals?.getPrimaryPrincipal() instanceof Teacher){ authorizationInfo?.addRole('Teacher') return authorizationInfo } }}

StudentShiroRealm :

package com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.studentimport com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.common.UserTokenimport com.ciyou.edu.entity.Studentimport com.ciyou.edu.service.StudentServiceimport org.apache.shiro.authc.*import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfoimport org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealmimport org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollectionimport org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSourceimport org.slf4j.Loggerimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactoryimport org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowiredimport org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazyclass StudentShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StudentShiroRealm.class) //在自定义Realm中注入的Service声明中加入@Lazy注解即可解决@cacheble注解无效问题 //解决同时使用Redis缓存数据和缓存shiro时,@cacheble无效的问题 @Autowired @Lazy private StudentService studentService @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { logger.info('开始Student身份认证..') UserToken userToken = (UserToken)token String studentId = userToken?.getUsername() Student student = studentService?.findByStudentId(studentId) if (student == null) { //没有返回登录用户名对应的SimpleAuthenticationInfo对象时,就会在LoginController中抛出UnknownAccountException异常 throw new UnknownAccountException('用户不存在!') } //验证通过返回一个封装了用户信息的AuthenticationInfo实例即可。 SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo( student, //用户信息 student?.getPassword(), //密码 getName() //realm name ) authenticationInfo.setCredentialsSalt(ByteSource.Util.bytes(student?.getStudentId())) //设置盐 return authenticationInfo }//当访问到页面的时候,链接配置了相应的权限或者shiro标签才会执行此方法否则不会执行 @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { logger.info('开始Student权限授权') if (principals == null) { throw new AuthorizationException('PrincipalCollection method argument cannot be null.') } SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo() if(principals?.getPrimaryPrincipal() instanceof Student){ authorizationInfo?.addRole('Student') return authorizationInfo } }}

接下来是对Shiro进行多realm的注解配置。 这里直接贴出我项目中的代码。

Spring Boot 集成Shiro的多realm配置过程

上面是我进行shiro进行配置的类,下面是主要的一些代码:

//SecurityManager 是 Shiro 架构的核心,通过它来链接Realm和用户(文档中称之为Subject.) @Bean public SecurityManager securityManager() { DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager() //设置realm. securityManager.setAuthenticator(modularRealmAuthenticator()) List<Realm> realms = new ArrayList<>() //添加多个Realm realms.add(adminShiroRealm()) realms.add(teacherShiroRealm()) realms.add(studentShiroRealm()) securityManager.setRealms(realms) // 自定义缓存实现 使用redis securityManager.setCacheManager(cacheManager()) // 自定义session管理 使用redis securityManager.setSessionManager(sessionManager()) //注入记住我管理器; securityManager.setRememberMeManager(rememberMeManager()) return securityManager } /** * 系统自带的Realm管理,主要针对多realm * */ @Bean public ModularRealmAuthenticator modularRealmAuthenticator(){ //自己重写的ModularRealmAuthenticator UserModularRealmAuthenticator modularRealmAuthenticator = new UserModularRealmAuthenticator() modularRealmAuthenticator.setAuthenticationStrategy(new AtLeastOneSuccessfulStrategy()) return modularRealmAuthenticator } @Bean public AdminShiroRealm adminShiroRealm() { AdminShiroRealm adminShiroRealm = new AdminShiroRealm() adminShiroRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(hashedCredentialsMatcher())//设置解密规则 return adminShiroRealm } @Bean public StudentShiroRealm studentShiroRealm() { StudentShiroRealm studentShiroRealm = new StudentShiroRealm() studentShiroRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(hashedCredentialsMatcher())//设置解密规则 return studentShiroRealm } @Bean public TeacherShiroRealm teacherShiroRealm() { TeacherShiroRealm teacherShiroRealm = new TeacherShiroRealm() teacherShiroRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(hashedCredentialsMatcher())//设置解密规则 return teacherShiroRealm } //因为我们的密码是加过密的,所以,如果要Shiro验证用户身份的话,需要告诉它我们用的是md5加密的,并且是加密了两次。同时我们在自己的Realm中也通过SimpleAuthenticationInfo返回了加密时使用的盐。这样Shiro就能顺利的解密密码并验证用户名和密码是否正确了。 @Bean public HashedCredentialsMatcher hashedCredentialsMatcher() { HashedCredentialsMatcher hashedCredentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher() hashedCredentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName('md5')//散列算法:这里使用MD5算法; hashedCredentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(2)//散列的次数,比如散列两次,相当于 md5(md5('')); return hashedCredentialsMatcher; }

接下来就是Controller中实现登录的功能了,这里我只贴出我项目中Admin登录的代码:

package com.ciyou.edu.controller.adminimport com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.common.LoginTypeimport com.ciyou.edu.config.shiro.common.UserTokenimport com.ciyou.edu.entity.Adminimport com.ciyou.edu.utils.JSONUtilimport org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtilsimport org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationExceptionimport org.apache.shiro.subject.Subjectimport org.slf4j.Loggerimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactoryimport org.springframework.stereotype.Controllerimport org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMappingimport org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethodimport org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody/** * @Author C. * @Date 2018-02-02 20:46 * admin登录Controller */@Controllerclass AdminLoginController { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AdminLoginController.class) private static final String ADMIN_LOGIN_TYPE = LoginType.ADMIN.toString() /** * admin登录 * @param admin * @return 登录结果 */ @RequestMapping(value='/adminLogin',method=RequestMethod.POST, produces='application/json;charset=UTF-8') @ResponseBody public String loginAdmin(Admin admin){ logger.info('登录Admin: ' + admin) //后台校验提交的用户名和密码 if(!admin?.getAdminName() || admin?.adminName?.trim() == ''){ return JSONUtil.returnFailReuslt('账号不能为空') }else if(!admin?.getPassword() || admin?.getPassword()?.trim() == ''){ return JSONUtil.returnFailReuslt('密码不能为空') }else if(admin?.getAdminName()?.length() < 3 || admin?.getAdminName()?.length() >15){ return JSONUtil.returnFailReuslt('账号长度必须在3~15之间') }else if(admin?.getPassword()?.length() < 3 || admin?.getPassword()?.length() >15){ return JSONUtil.returnFailReuslt('密码长度必须在3~15之间') } //获取Subject实例对象 //在shiro里面所有的用户的会话信息都会由Shiro来进行控制,那么也就是说只要是与用户有关的一切的处理信息操作都可以通过Shiro取得, // 实际上可以取得的信息可以有用户名、主机名称等等,这所有的信息都可以通过Subject接口取得 Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject() //将用户名和密码封装到继承了UsernamePasswordToken的userToken UserToken userToken = new UserToken(admin?.getAdminName(), admin?.getPassword(), ADMIN_LOGIN_TYPE) userToken.setRememberMe(false) try { //认证 // 传到ModularRealmAuthenticator类中,然后根据ADMIN_LOGIN_TYPE传到AdminShiroRealm的方法进行认证 subject?.login(userToken) //Admin存入session SecurityUtils.getSubject()?.getSession()?.setAttribute('admin',(Admin)subject?.getPrincipal()) return JSONUtil.returnSuccessResult('登录成功') } catch (AuthenticationException e) { //认证失败就会抛出AuthenticationException这个异常,就对异常进行相应的操作,这里的处理是抛出一个自定义异常ResultException //到时候我们抛出自定义异常ResultException,用户名或者密码错误 logger.info('认证错误:' + e.getMessage()) return JSONUtil.returnFailReuslt('账号或者密码错误') } } @RequestMapping(value='/admin/adminLogout') public String logoutAdmin(){ SecurityUtils.getSubject()?.logout() return 'redirect:/adminLogin' }}

现在Spring Boot中集成Shiro实现多realm配置就完成了。

感谢以下博文,在我学习的过程中给了我很多帮助,我的博文也有一些内容参考他们的,还不够清楚的读者可以参考: shiro实现不同身份使用不同Realm进行验证 SpringBoot+Shiro学习之数据库动态权限管理和Redis缓存 Springboot多realm集成,无ini文件,无xml配置

想看项目具体源码,或者对我项目感兴趣的可以查看:CIYOU

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