Django用户认证系统如何实现自定义

自定义用户认证系统

Django 自带的用户认证系统已经可以满足大部分的情况，但是有时候我们需要某些特定的需求。Django 支持使用其他认证系统、也可以扩展Django的User模块，完全自定义新的认证模块。

参考：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/auth/customizing/

a、拷贝以下代码到model文件中：

from django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib.auth.models import ( BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser)class MyUserManager(BaseUserManager): def create_user(self, email, name, password=None): ''' Creates and saves a User with the given email, date of birth and password. ''' if not email: raise ValueError(’Users must have an email address’) user = self.model( email=self.normalize_email(email), name=name, ) user.set_password(password) user.save(using=self._db) return user def create_superuser(self, email, name, password): ''' Creates and saves a superuser with the given email, date of birth and password. ''' user = self.create_user( email, password=password, name=name, ) user.is_admin = True user.save(using=self._db) return userclass UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser): ’’’账号表’’’ email = models.EmailField( verbose_name=’email address’, max_length=255, unique=True, ) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True) is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False) objects = MyUserManager() USERNAME_FIELD = ’email’ REQUIRED_FIELDS = [’name’] def __str__(self): return self.email def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None): 'Does the user have a specific permission?' # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always return True def has_module_perms(self, app_label): 'Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?' # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always return True @property def is_staff(self): 'Is the user a member of staff?' # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff return self.is_admin

注意：email, name等字段都是可以自定义的

b、在admin.py中添加如下代码：

from django import formsfrom django.contrib import adminfrom django.contrib.auth.models import Groupfrom django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdminfrom django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashFieldfrom customauth.models import MyUserclass UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm): '''A form for creating new users. Includes all the required fields, plus a repeated password.''' password1 = forms.CharField(label=’Password’, widget=forms.PasswordInput) password2 = forms.CharField(label=’Password confirmation’, widget=forms.PasswordInput) class Meta: model = MyUser fields = (’email’, ’date_of_birth’) def clean_password2(self): # Check that the two password entries match password1 = self.cleaned_data.get('password1') password2 = self.cleaned_data.get('password2') if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2: raise forms.ValidationError('Passwords don’t match') return password2 def save(self, commit=True): # Save the provided password in hashed format user = super().save(commit=False) user.set_password(self.cleaned_data['password1']) if commit: user.save() return userclass UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm): '''A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on the user, but replaces the password field with admin’s password hash display field. ''' password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField() class Meta: model = MyUser fields = (’email’, ’password’, ’date_of_birth’, ’is_active’, ’is_admin’) def clean_password(self): # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value. # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the # field does not have access to the initial value return self.initial['password']class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin): # The forms to add and change user instances form = UserChangeForm add_form = UserCreationForm # The fields to be used in displaying the User model. # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin # that reference specific fields on auth.User. list_display = (’email’, ’date_of_birth’, ’is_admin’) list_filter = (’is_admin’,) fieldsets = ( (None, {’fields’: (’email’, ’password’)}), (’Personal info’, {’fields’: (’date_of_birth’,)}), (’Permissions’, {’fields’: (’is_admin’,)}), ) # add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin # overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user. add_fieldsets = ( (None, { ’classes’: (’wide’,), ’fields’: (’email’, ’date_of_birth’, ’password1’, ’password2’)} ), ) search_fields = (’email’,) ordering = (’email’,) filter_horizontal = ()# Now register the new UserAdmin...admin.site.register(MyUser, UserAdmin)# ... and, since we’re not using Django’s built-in permissions,# unregister the Group model from admin.admin.site.unregister(Group)

C、 在settings.py中添加配置：

AUTH_USER_MODEL = ’customauth.MyUser’ #customauth指APP name, MyUser指自定义的用户表model类（这个时候仍然可以使用django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout 等认证方法，只是保存数据的表不一样）

D、创建超级用户

首先我们要新建一个用户名，用来登陆管理网站，可以使用如下命令：

python manage.py createsuperuser

输入想要使用的用户名：

Username (leave blank to use ’administrator’): user01

输入email：

Email address: (在这里输入你的自己的邮箱帐号)

输入密码，需要输入两次，并且输入密码时不会显示出来：

Password:

Password (again):

当两次密码都相同的时候，就会提示超级帐号创建成功。

Superuser created successfully.

E、使用：

用前一步创建的用户，登陆后台管理系统http://0.0.0.0:8081/admin/

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持好吧啦网。