python 爬取国内小说网站

作为一个资深的小说爱好者，国内很多小说网站如出一辙，什么 🖊*阁啊等等，大都是 get 请求返回 html 内容，而且会有标志性的<dl><dd>等标签。所以大概的原理，就是先 get 请求这个网站，然后对获取的内容进行清洗，写进文本里面，变成一个 txt，导入手机，方便看小说。

之前踩过一个坑，一开始我看了几页小说，大概小说的内容网站是https://www.xxx.com/小说编号/章节编号.html，一开始看前几章，我发现章节编号是连续的， 于是我一开始想的就是记住起始章节编号，然后在循环的时候章节编号自增就行，后面发现草率了，可能看个 100 章之后，章节列表会出现断层现象，这个具体为啥 还真不知道，按理说小说编号固定，可以算是一个数据表，那里面的章节编号不就是一个自增 id 就完了嘛？有懂王可以科普一下！所以这里要先获取小说的目录列表，并把目录列表洗成一个数组方便我们后期查找！getList.py文件：

定义一个请求书签的方法

# 请求书签地址def req(): url = 'https://www.24kwx.com/book/4/4020/' strHtml = requests.get(url) return strHtml.text

将获取到的内容提取出（id:唯一值/或第 X 章小说）(name:小说的章节名称)（key:小说的章节 id）

# 定义一个章节对象class Xs(object): def __init__(self,id,key,name):self._id = idself._key = keyself._name = name @property def id(self):self._id @property def key(self):self._key @property def name(self):self._name def getString(self):return ’id:%s,name:%s,key:%s’ %(self._id,self._name,self._key)# 转换成书列表def tranceList(): key = 0 name = '' xsList = [] idrule = r’/4020/(.+?).html’ keyrule = r’第(.+?)章’ html = req() html = re.split('</dt>',html)[2] html = re.split('</dl>',html)[0] htmlList = re.split('</dd>',html) for i in htmlList:i = i.strip()if(i): # 获取id id = re.findall(idrule,i)[0] lsKeyList = re.findall(keyrule,i) # 如果有章节 if len(lsKeyList) > 0 :key = int(lsKeyList[0])lsname = re.findall(r’章(.+?)</a>’,i) else :key = key + 1 # 获取名字 # lsname = re.findall(r’.html'>(.+?)</a>’,i)[0] # name = re.sub(’，’,’ ’, lsname, flags=re.IGNORECASE) name = re.findall(r’.html'>(.+?)</a>’,i)[0] xsobj = Xs(id,key,name) xsList.append(xsobj.getString()) writeList(xsList)

注意一下我：如果你从别的语言转 py，第一次写object对象可能会比较懵，没错因为他的object是一个class，这里我创建的对象就是{id,key,name}但是你写入 txt 的时候还是要getString，所以后面想想我直接写个{id:xxx,name:xxx,key:xxx}的字符串不就完了，还弄啥class,后面还是想想给兄弟盟留点看点，就留着了

最后写入 txt 文件

# 写入到文本def writeList(list): f = open('xsList.txt',’w’,encoding=’utf-8’) # 这里不能写list，要先转字符串 TypeError: write() argument must be str, not list f.write(’n’.join(list)) print(’写入成功’)# 大概写完的txt是这样的id:3798160,name:第1章 孙子，我是你爷爷,key:1id:3798161,name:第2章 孙子，等等我！,key:2id:3798162,name:第3章 天上掉下个亲爷爷,key:3id:3798163,name:第4章 超级大客户,key:4id:3798164,name:第5章 一张退婚证明,key:5

ok ! Last one这里已经写好了小说的目录，那我们就要读取小说的内容，同理

先写个请求

# 请求内容地址def req(id): url = 'https://www.24kwx.com/book/4/4020/'+id+'.html' strHtml = requests.get(url) return strHtml.text

读取我们刚刚保存的目录

def getList(): f = open('xsList.txt',’r’, encoding=’utf-8’) # 这里按行读取,读取完后line是个数组 line = f.readlines() f.close() return line

定义好一个清洗数据的规则

contextRule = r’<div class='content'>(.+?)<script>downByJs();</script>’titleRule = r’<h1>(.+?)</h1>’def getcontext(objstr): xsobj = re.split(',',objstr) id = re.split('id:',xsobj[0])[1] name = re.split('name:',xsobj[1])[1] html = req(id) lstitle = re.findall(titleRule,html) title = lstitle[0] if len(lstitle) > 0 else name context = re.split(’<div class='showtxt'>’,html)[1] context = re.split(’</div>’,context)[0] context = re.sub(’&nbsp;|r|n’,’’,context) textList = re.split(’<br />’,context) textList.insert(0,title) for item in textList :writeTxt(item) print(’%s--写入成功’%(title))

再写入文件

def writeTxt(txt): if txt :f = open('nr.txt',’a’,encoding='utf-8')f.write(txt+’n’)

最后当然是串联起来啦

def getTxt(): # 默认参数配置 startNum = 1261 # 起始章节 endNum = 1300 # 结束章节 # 开始主程序 f = open('nr.txt',’w’,encoding=’utf-8’) f.write('') if endNum < startNum:print(’结束条数必须大于开始条数’)return allList = getList() needList = allList[startNum-1:endNum] for item in needList:getcontext(item)time.sleep(0.2) print('全部爬取完成')完整代码

getList.py

import requestsimport re# 请求书签地址def req(): url = 'https://www.24kwx.com/book/4/4020/' strHtml = requests.get(url) return strHtml.text# 定义一个章节对象class Xs(object): def __init__(self,id,key,name):self._id = idself._key = keyself._name = name @property def id(self):self._id @property def key(self):self._key @property def name(self):self._name def getString(self):return ’id:%s,name:%s,key:%s’ %(self._id,self._name,self._key)# 转换成书列表def tranceList(): key = 0 name = '' xsList = [] idrule = r’/4020/(.+?).html’ keyrule = r’第(.+?)章’ html = req() html = re.split('</dt>',html)[2] html = re.split('</dl>',html)[0] htmlList = re.split('</dd>',html) for i in htmlList:i = i.strip()if(i): # 获取id id = re.findall(idrule,i)[0] lsKeyList = re.findall(keyrule,i) # 如果有章节 if len(lsKeyList) > 0 :key = int(lsKeyList[0])lsname = re.findall(r’章(.+?)</a>’,i) else :key = key + 1 # 获取名字 # lsname = re.findall(r’.html'>(.+?)</a>’,i)[0] # name = re.sub(’，’,’ ’, lsname, flags=re.IGNORECASE) name = re.findall(r’.html'>(.+?)</a>’,i)[0] xsobj = Xs(id,key,name) xsList.append(xsobj.getString()) writeList(xsList)# 写入到文本def writeList(list): f = open('xsList.txt',’w’,encoding=’utf-8’) # 这里不能写list，要先转字符串 TypeError: write() argument must be str, not list f.write(’n’.join(list)) print(’写入成功’)def main(): tranceList()if __name__ == ’__main__’: main()

writeTxt.py

import requestsimport reimport time# 请求内容地址def req(id): url = 'https://www.24kwx.com/book/4/4020/'+id+'.html' strHtml = requests.get(url) return strHtml.textdef getList(): f = open('xsList.txt',’r’, encoding=’utf-8’) # 这里按行读取 line = f.readlines() f.close() return linecontextRule = r’<div class='content'>(.+?)<script>downByJs();</script>’titleRule = r’<h1>(.+?)</h1>’def getcontext(objstr): xsobj = re.split(',',objstr) id = re.split('id:',xsobj[0])[1] name = re.split('name:',xsobj[1])[1] html = req(id) lstitle = re.findall(titleRule,html) title = lstitle[0] if len(lstitle) > 0 else name context = re.split(’<div class='showtxt'>’,html)[1] context = re.split(’</div>’,context)[0] context = re.sub(’&nbsp;|r|n’,’’,context) textList = re.split(’<br />’,context) textList.insert(0,title) for item in textList :writeTxt(item) print(’%s--写入成功’%(title))def writeTxt(txt): if txt :f = open('nr.txt',’a’,encoding='utf-8')f.write(txt+’n’)def getTxt(): # 默认参数配置 startNum = 1261 # 起始章节 endNum = 1300 # 结束章节 # 开始主程序 f = open('nr.txt',’w’,encoding=’utf-8’) f.write('') if endNum < startNum:print(’结束条数必须大于开始条数’)return allList = getList() needList = allList[startNum-1:endNum] for item in needList:getcontext(item)time.sleep(0.2) print('全部爬取完成') def main(): getTxt()if __name__ == '__main__': main()

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