Python趣味挑战之pygame实现无敌好看的百叶窗动态效果

（一）使用到的python库

使用pygame库、random库和os、sys等系统库。

其中：pygame库实现主体功能，提供窗口界面显示、动态效果展示等random库实现随机数的生成，通过随机数实现动态百叶窗的上下左右选择、百叶窗的数量选择等功能。 os库实现图片资源的装载和读取。sys库实现退出操作等。

（二） 整体实现逻辑

通过WIDTH = 600 和 HEIGHT = 600设置窗口的高度和宽度通过runimage 和 nextimage 设置当前显示的图像和下一张要显示的图像通过num_part = random.randint(3,8)来设置要显示的百叶窗的数量通过num_list = []保存当前runimage拆分出来的百叶窗的surface资源，用于在百叶窗动态效果过程中显示。通过choose来设置是上下运动还是左右运动。

（一）实现pygame的主窗口

import pygame,syspygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500))pygame.display.set_caption(’大小框展示’)fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()while True: for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() fcclock.tick(60) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口

黑黑的框，不截图了。大家都懂。

（二）贴个图显示得好看点

import pygame,syspygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500))pygame.display.set_caption(’大小框展示’)fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()img = pygame.image.load(’./image/aerial-alpine-ceresole-reale-desktop-backgrounds-1562.jpg’).convert_alpha()img = pygame.transform.scale(img, (500, 500))while True: for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() screen.blit(img,(0,0)) fcclock.tick(60) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口

（三）图片从哪里来

这里建议直接通过网络上下载免费的、好看的图片，并保存在指定的文件夹，用于过程中展现。

我认为有三种方法：

其一：使用爬虫技术从网上下载图片，可以开一个子线程负责采集网上图片，然后加载到list列表中；其二：可以直接对电脑中所有的盘进行自动检索，然后加载到list列表中； 其三：指定目录，然后加载到list列表中；我这里偷个懒，选择第三种方法实现。

具体实现代码如下：

path = ’./image/’ files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs:files.append(path + diretion)

（四）图片装载

我为什么在初始化的时候就进行装载呢？

原因是：解决效率问题，无需每次使用时重复加载，而且在初始化的时候就适配屏幕大小进行图片缩放。

因此，我把这个过程打包成一个函数，方便后续调用，而且参数传递为：屏幕的大小。然后返回bglist对象。

for file in files: picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (1440, 900)) dSurface = picture # dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert() bglist.append(dSurface)

OK，图片有了，窗口有了，那么就开始实现我们的业务逻辑吧。

（一）实现init_image函数初始化加载图片到surface对象

def init_image(): path = ’./image/’ files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs:files.append(path + diretion) for file in files:picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))dSurface = picture# dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert()bglist.append(dSurface)

（二）初始化相关变量

runimage = Nonenextimage = Noneflag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag2 = Falsechoose = 6num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框num_list = []num_increse = 1inc = random.choice([-1,1])while num_increse<=num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1

这里，建议大家思考一下为什么要引入变量flag和flag2

（三）每次百叶窗切换完之后重置

def reset(): global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False choose = random.randint(6,7) if nextimage is None:nextimage = random.choice(bglist) if runimage is None:runimage = random.choice(bglist) else:runimage = nextimagenextimage = random.choice(bglist) num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse <= num_part:inc = -incnum_list.append(inc)num_increse += 1

（四）实现百叶窗动态切换的run函数

def run(): global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list reset() while True:for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1:pygame.quit()sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pygame.quit() sys.exit()if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if flag is False:# FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag = Trueflag2 = Falsescreen.fill((255, 255, 255)) # 设置背景为白色if flag: if choose==6:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH/num_part,0,WIDTH/num_part,HEIGHT) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, -j)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, j)) mm += 1j += stepif j >= HEIGHT: flag2 = True elif choose==7:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(0,kk * HEIGHT/num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT/num_part) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (-i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) mm += 1i += stepif i >= WIDTH: flag2 = Trueelse: screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) screen.blit(runimage, (0, 0))if flag2: reset()fcclock.tick(fps)pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口

（五）主函数

if __name__ == ’__main__’: init_image() run()四、完整代码

import sys, pygameimport osimport randompygame.init() # 初始化pygame类WIDTH = 600HEIGHT = 600screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) # 设置窗口大小pygame.display.set_caption(’美丽的屏保’) # 设置窗口标题tick = pygame.time.Clock()fps = 60 # 设置刷新率，数字越大刷新率越高fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()runimage = Nonenextimage = Noneflag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag2 = Falsechoose = 6num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框num_list = []num_increse = 1inc = random.choice([-1,1])while num_increse<=num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1def init_image(): path = ’./image/’ files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs:files.append(path + diretion) for file in files:picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))dSurface = picturebglist.append(dSurface)def reset(): global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False i = 0 j = 0 choose = random.randint(6,7) if nextimage is None:nextimage = random.choice(bglist) if runimage is None:runimage = random.choice(bglist) else:runimage = nextimagenextimage = random.choice(bglist) num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse <= num_part:inc = -incnum_list.append(inc)num_increse += 1def run(): global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list reset() while True:for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1:pygame.quit()sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pygame.quit() sys.exit()if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if flag is False:# FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag = Trueflag2 = Falsescreen.fill((255, 255, 255)) # 设置背景为白色if flag: if choose==6:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH/num_part,0,WIDTH/num_part,HEIGHT) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, -j)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, j)) mm += 1j += stepif j >= HEIGHT: flag2 = True elif choose==7:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(0,kk * HEIGHT/num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT/num_part) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (-i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) mm += 1i += stepif i >= WIDTH: flag2 = Trueelse: screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) screen.blit(runimage, (0, 0))if flag2: reset()fcclock.tick(fps)pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口if __name__ == ’__main__’: init_image() run()五、运行效果

OK，写完，其实还是蛮有趣的，大家可以自动动手敲敲，也许比我写的更好。

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