python制作的天气预报小工具(gui界面)

目录一．准备工作二．预览1.启动2.添加城市3.展示多个城市天气三．设计流程1.获取城市天气信息过程四．源代码1.Weather_Tool-v1.0.py2.Weather_Spider.py五．总结一．准备工作

不需要准备。

二．预览1.启动

启动以后自动定位所在城市，展示定位城市的天气。

2.添加城市

3.展示多个城市天气

添加天气之后能够显示多个城市天气信息。

三．设计流程1.获取城市天气信息过程

用此流程图展示定位城市信息到获取城市天气信息过程。

四．源代码1.Weather_Tool-v1.0.py

from tkinter import *from tkinter import ttkfrom PIL import Image,ImageTkfrom tkinter import messageboxfrom Weather_Spider import Weather_Getfrom threading import Threadimport datetimeimport time’’’5-11.打开首页定位当前位置获取天气 (ip定位+jieba分词+城市号+城市天气) **5.11实现**2.用户手动选择，查看当前所选城市天气 （Toplevel+Combobox） **已实现**5-141.加入notepad，显示多个城市天气 （notebook Frame） **已实现**2.频繁刷新检测（线程计时10秒） **已实现**3.用户选择主题 (Menu.add_radiobutton()) **已实现**4.一个窗口多个Combobox，怎样处理选择事件**已实现**5-151.右击notebook frame标题出现“关闭”菜单**已砍掉**2.用户添加了城市后，label出现在了最后的Frame中**未实现**’’’imgs=[’./img/loading.png’]class App: def __init__(self):self.w=Tk()self.w.title(’天气预报小工具-v1.0’)width=600height=282left=(self.w.winfo_screenwidth()-width)/2top=(self.w.winfo_screenheight()-height)/2self.w.geometry(’%dx%d+%d+%d’%(width,height,left,top))self.w.iconbitmap(’biticon.ico’)self.w.resizable(False,False)self.cerate_widgets()self.first_launch()self.set_widgets()self.place_widgets()self.thread_it(self.show_local_weather)self.w.mainloop() def cerate_widgets(self):self.note=ttk.Notebook()self.f1=Frame()self.tree=ttk.Treeview(self.f1)self.l1_var=StringVar()self.l1=ttk.Label(self.f1,textvariable=self.l1_var)self.m=Menu(self.w)self.w[’menu’]=self.mself.s1=Menu(self.m,tearoff=False)self.s2=Menu(self.m,tearoff=False)self.s3=Menu(self.m,tearoff=False) def set_widgets(self):self.location=[]style = ttk.Style(self.w)style.theme_use('default')columns=(’rq’,’tq’,’flfx’,’zdqw’,’zgqw’)self.tree.config(show=’headings’,columns=columns)self.tree.column(columns[0],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=95,width=110)self.tree.column(columns[1],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=60,width=70)self.tree.column(columns[2],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=90,width=100)self.tree.column(columns[3],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=90,width=100)self.tree.column(columns[4],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=90,width=100)self.tree.heading(’rq’, text=’日期’)self.tree.heading(’tq’, text=’天气’)self.tree.heading(’flfx’, text=’风向风力’)self.tree.heading(’zdqw’, text=’最低气温’)self.tree.heading(’zgqw’, text=’最高气温’)self.m.add_cascade(label=’开始’,menu=self.s1)self.s1.add_command(label=’aaa’,command=’’)self.s1.add_separator()self.s1.add_command(label=’退出’,command=self.quit_window)self.m.add_cascade(label=’操作’,menu=self.s2)self.s2.add_command(label=’刷新’,command=lambda:self.thread_it(self.refresh_weather))self.s2.add_command(label=’添加城市’,command=lambda:self.thread_it(self.select_city),state=’disable’)s2_sub = Menu(self.s2, tearoff=0)self.s2.add_separator()self.s2.add_cascade(label=’更换主题’,menu=s2_sub)self.m.add_cascade(label=’关于’,menu=self.s3)self.s3.add_command(label=’关于作者’,command=lambda :messagebox.showinfo(’关于作者’,’作者很神秘，什么都没留下’))self.tree.tag_configure(’evenColor’,background=’lightblue’)self.w.protocol(’WM_DELETE_WINDOW’,self.quit_window)themes=[ ’default’,’clam’, ’alt’, ’classic’]self.themevar=StringVar()for i,t in enumerate(themes): s2_sub.add_radiobutton(label=t,variable=self.themevar,command=lambda:self.thread_it(self.change_theme),value=t)self.themevar.set(’default’) def place_widgets(self):self.note.place(x=0,y=0,width=600,height=282)self.tree.place(x=0,y=0,width=600,height=150)self.l1.place(x=0,y=150,height=85,width=600) def first_launch(self):’’’第一次启动，展示加载图片提示信息:return:’’’self.start_time=time.time()paned = PanedWindow(self.w)self.img = imgsimg = Image.open(self.img[0])paned.image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)self.load_img = Label(self.w, image=paned.image)self.load_lab = Label(self.w, text=’Loading...’)self.load_img.pack()self.load_lab.pack() def show_local_weather(self):’’’展示定位天气信息:return:’’’self.l1_var.set(’正在刷新天气......’)items = self.tree.get_children()for item in items: self.tree.delete(item)try: city,item=Weather_Get().get_local_weather() self.load_img.destroy() self.load_lab.destroy() self.s2.entryconfig(’添加城市’, state=’normal’) self.note.add(self.f1,text=city) i=0 for data in item[’recent’]:self.tree.insert(’’, i, values=(data.get(’日期’), data.get(’天气’), data.get(’风力风向’), data.get(’最低气温’), data.get(’最高气温’)))i+=1 self.l1_var.set(f’今天：{self.show_date()}n当前所在地区：{city}n当前气温：{item['now']}n感冒指数：{item['ganmao']}’)except TypeError: messagebox.showerror(’错误’,’天气信息加载失败！’) self.l1_var.set(’天气信息加载失败！’) self.s2.entryconfig(’添加城市’, state=’normal’) def refresh_weather(self):'''刷新天气后，10秒内不能点击刷新:return:'''self.s2.entryconfig(’刷新’, state=’disable’)self.show_local_weather()self.thread_it(self.wait_time) def wait_time(self):’’’线程计时10s，十秒后刷新按钮可点击:return:’’’time.sleep(10)self.s2.entryconfig(’刷新’, state=’normal’) def show_date(self):'''展示日期信息，便于天气展示:return:'''date = str(datetime.date.today())year,month,day=date.split(’-’)week_day_dict = { 0: ’星期一’, 1: ’星期二’, 2: ’星期三’, 3: ’星期四’, 4: ’星期五’, 5: ’星期六’, 6: ’星期日 ’,}now=datetime.datetime.now()date_index = now.weekday()return f’{year}年{month}月{day}日 {week_day_dict[date_index]}’ def select_city(self):’’’Toplevel让用户选择城市，后台获取城市号:return:’’’self.t=Toplevel()self.t.resizable(0,0)width=300height=140left=(self.t.winfo_screenwidth()-width)/2top=(self.t.winfo_screenheight()-height)/2self.t.geometry(’%dx%d+%d+%d’%(width,height,left,top))self.t.title(’选择城市’)self.tl1=ttk.Label(self.t,text=’请选择城市：’)self.tl1.pack()provinces=Weather_Get().get_provinces()self.tc1=ttk.Combobox(self.t,justify=’center’,state=’readonly’,value=provinces)self.tc2=ttk.Combobox(self.t,justify=’center’,state=’readonly’)self.tc1.pack()self.tc1.bind(’<<ComboboxSelected>>’,self.show_tc2_value)self.tc2.bind(’<<ComboboxSelected>>’,self.show_tc3_value)self.tc2.pack()self.tc3=ttk.Combobox(self.t,justify=’center’,state=’readonly’)self.tc3.pack()self.tb1=ttk.Button(self.t,text=’选择’,command=lambda :self.thread_it(self.ack_city))self.tb1.pack(pady=10)#----待完善 def ack_city(self):’’’Toplevel中选择了城市，选择使用notebook中建立Frame展示所选城市信息:return:’’’cityno=self.get_city_no()weather_item=Weather_Get().get_weather(cityno)location=self.province_name+self.city_name+self.regionif location in self.location: messagebox.showwarning(’警告’,’此城市已添加，请勿重复添加！’)else: self.location.append(location) self.f2= Frame(takefocus=True) self.note.add(self.f2, text=location) self.tree2 = ttk.Treeview(self.f2) columns = (’rq’, ’tq’, ’flfx’, ’zdqw’, ’zgqw’) self.tree2.config(show=’headings’, columns=columns) self.tree2.column(columns[0], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=95, width=110) self.tree2.column(columns[1], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=60, width=70) self.tree2.column(columns[2], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=90, width=100) self.tree2.column(columns[3], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=90, width=100) self.tree2.column(columns[4], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=90, width=100) self.tree2.heading(’rq’, text=’日期’) self.tree2.heading(’tq’, text=’天气’) self.tree2.heading(’flfx’, text=’风向风力’) self.tree2.heading(’zdqw’, text=’最低气温’) self.tree2.heading(’zgqw’, text=’最高气温’) self.tree2.place(x=0,y=0,width=600,height=150) # label_=’label’+str(self.click_no) # label_var=’label’+str(self.click_no)+’_var’ self.fl1_var=StringVar() self.fl1=ttk.Label(self.f2,textvariable=self.fl1_var) self.fl1.place(x=0,y=150,height=85,width=600) items = self.tree2.get_children() for item in items:self.tree2.delete(item) try:item = weather_itemcity=locationi = 0for data in item[’recent’]: self.tree2.insert(’’, i, values=(data.get(’日期’), data.get(’天气’), data.get(’风力风向’), data.get(’最低气温’), data.get(’最高气温’))) i += 1self.fl1_var.set(f’今天：{self.show_date()}n当前所在地区：{city}n当前气温：{item['now']}n感冒指数：{item['ganmao']}’) except TypeError:messagebox.showerror(’错误’,’天气信息加载失败！’)self.fl1_var.set(f’{city}天气信息加载失败！’)self.t.destroy() def change_tab(self,*args):pass def show_tc2_value(self,event):’’’展示'市'级信息:param event::return:’’’self.tc2.config(value=[])self.tc3.config(value=[])self.province_name=self.tc1.get()cities=Weather_Get().get_cities(self.province_name)self.tc2.config(value=cities) def show_tc3_value(self,event):’’’展示'区/县'级信息:param event::return:’’’self.city_name=self.tc2.get()regions=Weather_Get().get_regions(self.province_name,self.city_name)self.tc3.config(value=regions) def get_city_no(self):'''根据省、市、区、县 获取城市号:return: 城市号'''self.region=self.tc3.get()city_no=Weather_Get().get_city_id_by_add(self.province_name,self.city_name,self.region)return city_no def change_theme(self,):’’’更换主题:return:’’’theme=self.themevar.get()style = ttk.Style(self.w)style.theme_use(theme) def quit_window(self):ret=messagebox.askyesno(’退出’,’是否要退出？’)if ret: self.w.destroy() def thread_it(self,func,*args):’’’防止线程冲突:param func::param args::return:’’’t=Thread(target=func,args=args)t.setDaemon(True)t.start()if __name__ == ’__main__’: a=App()2.Weather_Spider.py

#coding:utf-8import requestsimport jsonfrom lxml import etreeimport jiebaclass Weather_Get(): def __init__(self):self.base_ip_url=’http://ip-api.com/json’self.location_url=’https://ip.tool.chinaz.com/’#获取中国国内城市--number接口self.city_number_url=’http://static.2ktq.com/sktq/common/city_China.json’#天气查询接口self.base_weather_url=’http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?citykey={}’self.headers={ ’user-agent’: ’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.138 Safari/537.36’,}self.item=self.get_city_item() def request(self,url,headers):'''请求url，可自定义请求头:param url: 请求的url:param headers: 自定义的请求头:return: 网页文本数据'''s=requests.session()s.keep_alive=Falsetry: r=s.get(url,headers=headers) r.encoding=’utf-8’ if r.status_code==200:r.encoding = r.apparent_encodingreturn r.text else:return Noneexcept requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: return None def get_city(self):'''通过ip定位到当前城市:return:所在省市位置信息'''my_headers={ ’Connection’: ’keep-alive’, ’Host’: ’ip.tool.chinaz.com’, ’sec-ch-ua’: ’'Google Chrome';v='89', 'Chromium';v='89', ';Not A Brand';v='99'’, ’user-agent’: ’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.138 Safari/537.36’, ’Upgrade-Insecure-Requests’: ’1’}res = etree.HTML(self.request(self.location_url,headers=my_headers))location = res.xpath(’//div[@class='WhoIpWrap jspu']//span[@class='Whwtdhalf w30-0 lh24 tl ml80']/em/text()’)#结巴分词好费时间啊jieba_cut_result = jieba.lcut(’’.join(location))try: #去除首位的国家和网络类型 del jieba_cut_result[0] del jieba_cut_result[-1] item = {} # 如果结果为类似 石家庄裕华 则自动加入市区 if jieba_cut_result[0]!=jieba_cut_result[1]:item[’province’] = jieba_cut_result[0] + ’市’item[’city’] = jieba_cut_result[1] + '区'return item else:# 如果结果为类似 北京北京 则自动加入市item[’province’] = jieba_cut_result[0] + ’市’item[’city’] = jieba_cut_result[1] + '市'return itemexcept IndexError: return False def get_city_item(self):res =self.request(self.city_number_url,headers=self.headers)item=eval('{’cities’:'+res+'}')return item def get_provinces(self):province=[p for p in self.item[’cities’]]#print(province)return province def get_cities(self,province):cities_=self.item[’cities’][province]cities=[city for city in cities_.keys()]return cities def get_regions(self,province,city):regions_=self.item[’cities’][province][city]regions=[region for region in regions_.keys()]#print(province,city,regions)return regions def get_city_id_by_add(self,province,city,region=’’):if region==’’: city_no=self.item[’cities’][province][city][city].replace(’CN’,’’)else: city_no=self.item[’cities’][province][city][region].replace(’CN’,’’)return city_no def get_cityid(self,province,city):'''通过省、市在字典中查找对应的城市号:param province: 省:param city: 市:return: 城市号'''if province in self.item[’cities’].keys(): try:#河北省唐山市唐山市（通常的省市）number=self.item[’cities’][province].get(city).get(city).replace(’CN’,’’)return number except AttributeError:number=self.item[’cities’][province].get(province).get(city).replace(’CN’,’’)return numberelse: print(’未检索到关于{}{}的信息！’.format(province,city)) def get_weather(self,number):weather_data = json.loads(self.request(self.base_weather_url.format(number),self.headers))# pprint.pprint(weather_data)data=weather_data[’data’]item={}yesterday={}item_list=[]yesterday[’日期’]=data[’yesterday’][’date’]+’（昨天）’item[’now’]=data[’wendu’]+’℃’item[’ganmao’]=data[’ganmao’]yesterday[’天气’]=data[’yesterday’][’type’]yesterday[’风力风向’]=data[’yesterday’][’fx’]+data[’yesterday’][’fl’].replace(’<![CDATA[’,’’).replace(’]]>’,’’)yesterday[’最低气温’]=data[’yesterday’][’low’].replace(’低温 ’,’’)yesterday[’最高气温’]=data[’yesterday’][’high’].replace(’高温 ’,’’)item_list.append(yesterday)count=0for weateher in data[’forecast’]: item2={} if count==0:date=weateher[’date’]+’（今天）’ elif count==1:date=weateher[’date’]+’（明天）’ elif count==2:date=weateher[’date’]+’（后天）’ else:date=weateher[’date’]+f’（{count-1}天后）’ item2[’日期’]=date item2[’天气’] = weateher[’type’] item2[’风力风向’]=weateher[’fengxiang’]+weateher[’fengli’].replace(’<![CDATA[’,’’).replace(’]]>’,’’) item2[’最低气温’] = weateher[’low’].replace(’低温 ’, ’’) item2[’最高气温’] = weateher[’high’].replace(’高温 ’, ’’) item_list.append(item2) count+=1item[’recent’]=item_listreturn item def get_local_weather(self):item=Weather_Get().get_city()if item: p=item[’province’] c=item[’city’] number=Weather_Get().get_cityid(p,c) weather=Weather_Get().get_weather(number) return p+c,weatherelse: return False五．总结

本次使用Tkinter写了一款天气预报小工具，基本支持全国每个省市的天气预报，支持历史天气（昨天）查看，虽然基本功能能够实现，但是仍旧存在两个小问题：1.添加超过两个城市天气后，具体城市信息会显示在最新添加的Freame中。2.ip定位不准确。

本程序还有两个特色：

1.支持更换主题。2.程序首次启动加入了加载过渡。其他的彩蛋，您自己去发现吧！程序放在了蓝奏云。思路、代码方面有什么不足欢迎各位大佬指正、批评！

以上就是python制作的天气预报小工具(gui界面)的详细内容，更多关于python 天气预报工具的资料请关注好吧啦网其它相关文章！