Oracle9i新特点-SPFILE的使用

Oracle9i新特点：SPFILE的使用--How to backup and restore spfile and controlfile using autobackup option Last Updated: Wednesday, 2004-10-27 0:40 Eygle ; 本文发表于itpub技术丛书《Oracle数据库DBA专题技术精粹》,未经许可,严禁转载本文. 原文出处:http://www.eygle.com/faq/Oracle9i.New.Feature.Spfile.04.htm六. SPFILE的备份与恢复在本文开篇我们提到，Oracle把Spfile也纳入到Rman的备份恢复策略当中，假如你配置了控制文件自动备份(autoback)，那么Oracle会在数据库发生重大变化(如增减表空间)时自动进行控制文件及Spfile文件的备份。下面我们来看一下这个过程:a. 设置控制文件自动备份:[oracle@jumper oracle]$ rman target /Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - ProdUCtionCopyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.connected to target database: HSJF (DBID=1052178311)RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalogold RMAN configuration parameters:CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;new RMAN configuration parameters:CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully storedRMAN> exit这个设置可以在数据库中通过如下方式查询得到:[oracle@jumper bdump]$ sqlplus '/ as sysdba'SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Jan 17 01:08:05 2004Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.3.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining optionsJServer Release 9.2.0.3.0 - ProductionSQL> select * from v$rman_configuration;CONF# NAME VALUE---------- ------------------------- ----------1 CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON b. 记录数据库变化SQL> create tablespace eygle 2 datafile '/data1/oracle/oradata/eygle01.dbf'3 size 5M;Tablespace created. 假如新创建一个表空间，这时候检查alert<sid>.log文件，你可以在其中发现这样的备份信息:Sat Jan 17 00:55:57 2004Starting control autobackupControl autobackup written to DISK devicehandle '/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/c-1052178311-20040117-00'Completed: create tablespace eygledatafile '/data1/oracle/oradata/eygle01.dbf’ 假如使用rman进行备份，在提示中你可以看到如下信息:RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on; old RMAN configuration parameters:CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;new RMAN configuration parameters:CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully storedRMAN> run2> {3> allocate channel ch1 type disk format='e:oracleorabakpenny%t.arc';4> backup archivelog all delete all input;5> release channel ch1;6> }allocated channel: ch1channel ch1: sid=13 devtype=DISKStarting backup at 02-DEC-03current log archivedchannel ch1: starting archive log backupsetchannel ch1: specifying archive log(s) in backup setinput archive log thread=1 sequence=63 recid=168 stamp=511712617input archive log thread=1 sequence=64 recid=169 stamp=511712620input archive log thread=1 sequence=65 recid=170 stamp=511712626input archive log thread=1 sequence=66 recid=171 stamp=511712690channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 02-DEC-03channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 02-DEC-03piece handle=E:ORACLEORABAKPENNY511712693.ARC comment=NONEchannel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03channel ch1: deleting archive log(s)archive log filename=E:ORACLEORADATAPENNYARCHIVE1_63.DBF recid=168 stamp=511712617archive log filename=E:ORACLEORADATAPENNYARCHIVE1_64.DBF recid=169 stamp=511712620archive log filename=E:ORACLEORADATAPENNYARCHIVE1_65.DBF recid=170 stamp=511712626archive log filename=E:ORACLEORADATAPENNYARCHIVE1_66.DBF recid=171 stamp=511712690Finished backup at 02-DEC-03Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-DEC-03piece handle=E:ORACLEORA92DATABASEC-3627775766-20031202-01 comment=NONEFinished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-DEC-03released channel: ch1 我们简单看一下自动备份的控制文件及spfile文件的格式及命名规则:c-IIIIIIIIII-YYYYMMDD-QQc ------------------------控制文件IIIIIIIIII---------DBIDYYYYMMDD------------时间戳QQ----------------------序号00-FF，16进制表示c. 使用自动备份恢复spfile文件[oracle@jumper bdump]$ rman target /Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - ProductionCopyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.connected to target database: HSJF (DBID=1052178311)RMAN> restore spfile to '/tmp/spfileeygle.ora' from autobackup;Starting restore at 17-JAN-04using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=18 devtype=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20040117channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-1052178311-20040117-01channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup completeFinished restore at 17-JAN-04RMAN> exitRecovery Manager complete.[oracle@jumper bdump]$ ls -l /tmp/spfileeygle.ora-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 3584 1月 17 09:34 /tmp/spfileeygle.ora 你同样可以通过这种方法恢复控制文件，示例如下:[oracle@jumper bdump]$ rman target /Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - ProductionCopyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.connected to target database: HSJF (DBID=1052178311)RMAN> restore controlfile to '/tmp/control01.ctl' from autobackup;Starting restore at 17-JAN-04using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=10 devtype=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20040117channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-1052178311-20040117-02channel ORA_DISK_1: controlfile restore from autobackup completeFinished restore at 17-JAN-04RMAN> exitRecovery Manager complete.[oracle@jumper bdump]$ ls -l /tmp/control*-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 1892352 1月 17 09:44 /tmp/control01.ctl Oracle9i自动备份控制文件的功能给我们带来了极大的收益,通过自动备份,在数据库出现紧急状况的时候,你可能可以从这个自动备份中获得更为有效及时的控制文件.缺省的,这个自动备份功能是关闭的,你可以用我们上面提到的方法打开该功能.<<上一页 下一页>> 本文作者:eygle,Oracle技术关注者,来自中国最大的Oracle技术论坛itpub.www.eygle.com是作者的个人站点.你可通过Guoqiang.Gai@gmail.com来联系作者.欢迎技术探讨交流以及链接交换.原文出处:http://www.eygle.com/faq/Oracle9i.New.Feature.Spfile.04.htm