nginx常用操作命令详解

目录一、常用命令：二、注意要点三、http请求配置一、常用命令：//开启服务：start nginx直接点击Nginx目录下的nginx.exe //停止服务：nginx停止命令stop与quit参数的区别在于stop是快速停止nginx，可能并不保存相关信息，quit是完整有序的停止nginx ，并保存相关信息。nginx启动与停止命令的效果都可以通过Windows任务管理器中的进程选项卡观察。nginx -s stopnginx -s quit//其他命令重启、关闭nginxps -ef | grep nginx//从容停止Nginxkill -QUIT 主进程号//快速停止Nginxkill -TERM 主进程号//强制停止Nginxpkill -9 nginx//平滑重启nginx：kill -HUP 主进程号//重启服务：nginx -s reload//检查配置文件是否有语法操作./nginx -t//或者显示指定配置文件./nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf二、注意要点动静分离要点，必须把访问服务器的端口写成nginx监听的端口，这样才能避免跨域配置参数说明：nigix做反向代理 注意 :$proxy_port 与 :$server_port 区别$server_port ：nigix监听的端口$proxy_port ： 服务器真正访问的端口#一般情况都用这个hostproxy_set_header Host $host;#获取到用户真实IP配置proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;三、http请求配置

1、前后端分离普通配置

server { listen 8203; location / {root /usr/www/validation-demo/h5-1-advance;index index.html;try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;if ($request_filename ~* .*\.(?:htm|html)$){ add_header Cache-Control 'private, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate';} } location /api/ {proxy_pass http://192.168.8.10:5001/; }}

2、增加了HTTPS的前后端分离配置

server { listen 443; server_name www.huzhihui.com; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/5673168_www.huzhihui.com.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/5673168_www.huzhihui.com.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4; ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { root /alidata/view/eip-home; index index.html; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; if ($request_filename ~* .*\.(?:htm|html)$){add_header Cache-Control 'private, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate'; } expires 7d; } location /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:56000/; } } server{ listen 80; server_name www.huzhihui.com; rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.huzhihui.com/$1 permanent; }

3、老项目强制HTTPS POST出现问题的解决方案

server{ listen 80; server_name wx.huzhihui.cn; add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000; location / { if ($request_method ~ ^(POST|DELETE|OPTIONS)$) {proxy_pass https://wx.huzhihui.cn; break ; } rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://wx.huzhihui.cn/$1 permanent; } }

4、普通前后端一起的工程网站部署

upstream web_servers { server localhost:8080; server localhost:8081; } server { listen 80; server_name www.huzhihui.com; location / {proxy_set_header Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;proxy_pass http://web_servers; } location ~.*\.(js|css)$ {root /opt/static-resources;expires 12h; } location ~.*\.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {root /opt/static-resources;expires 7d; } error_page 404 /404.html; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html {root /usr/share/nginx/html; }}

5、 动静分离+负载均衡配置

upstream web_servers { server localhost:8080; server localhost:8081; } server { listen 80; server_name www.huzhihui.com; location / {proxy_set_header Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;proxy_pass http://web_servers; } location ~.*\.(js|css)$ {root /opt/static-resources;expires 12h; } location ~.*\.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {root /opt/static-resources;expires 7d; } error_page 404 /404.html; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html {root /usr/share/nginx/html; }}

6、 通用https配置

server { listen 443; server_name www.huzhihui.com; ssl on; ssl_certificate cert-tues/214069203020278.pem; ssl_certificate_key cert-tues/214069203020278.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4; ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / {proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9002/;proxy_redirect default;proxy_http_version 1.1;proxy_set_header Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }}server{ listen 80; server_name www.huzhihui.com; rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://server.ourtues.com/$1 permanent;}

nginx配置

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