Linux 和 Windows 共享交换区

1.;前言; 现在,越来越多的人在一台使用Linux;和;Windows.;这应该说是Linux的胜利.;我们知 道,;Linux;要使用交换分区，; Windows;要使用交换文件。如果一台PIII,;有192M;内存，我们分配给Linux;192M;交换 区，;Windows;2000;至少要; 200M.;那么，我们要用近400M硬盘空间。如果交换区更大，浪费就更可观了。; 由于两个系统的交换区都只是运行时的临时数据,所以,我们采用动态修改分区信息的方法 来达到共享目的.; 2.;方法简介; 1).;备份Windows;分区信息。; 2).;当启动Linux时，;将该分区做成Linux;交换区，并将其激活。; 3）;当Linux;关闭时，将该分区重新变成Windows;交换区。; 3.;具体步骤; 1).;分区; Fdisk,;只分主分区,;不分扩展分区; 2).;安装;Windows.; 3).;安装Linux;(占一个主分区); 4).;在Linux;下,;分扩展分区); 5).;设定Linux交换区(假定/dev/hda10); 6).;建立winswap;设备; ln;-s;/dev/hda10;/dev/winswap; 7).;启动Linux,;关闭交换区; #;swapoff;-a; 8).;从文件安装表中删除该分区; vi;/etc/fstab; 注释掉该行;(/dev/hda10); 9).;将该分区该成;FAT16;或其他;DOS;分区.; 10).;启动;Windows; a).;格式化该分区; b).;将系统的交换文件设在该分区.; 11).;启动;Linux,;计算Total;Special;Sectors; 公式:; T;=;r;+;(s;*;f);+;(d;/;16); 参数:; Reserved;Sectors;at;beginning;:;r; FAT;Copies;:;f; Sectors;per;FAT;:;s; Root;directory;entries;:;d; 参见:;msinfo.sh; 注解:;可以运行;msinfo.sh;来获得.; #;msinfo.sh;/dev/hda10; 12).;备份Windows;分区信息; #;dd;if=/dev/winswap;bs=512;count=XXX;|;gzip;-9;>;/etc/winswap.gz; 这里,;XXX;=;T; 14).;编写启动,;退出脚本,;并把它们放在;/etc/rc.d/xxx.; 可用;grep;-nr;*;|;grep;swapon;(或;swapoff);来找系统激活和关闭交换区,;将它们 替换称我们; 的脚本); 我们在附录中提供了启动和关闭的脚本.; 4.;附加说明; 1.;本文使用的是FAT16,;如果使用NTFS;或其它,;必须修改脚本.; 2.;mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496;(这个值需要修改,;依照你的分区大小); 5.;参考资料:; Linux;HOWTO:;Swap-space; 6.;附录;--;相应的脚本; 1.;msinfo.sh;脚本; #!/bin/sh; #; #;msinfo.sh;This;shell;script;displays;the;boot;sector;of;the; #;given;partition.; #; #;Author:;Rahul;U.;Joshi; #; #;Modifications;Removed;the;use;of;expr;and;replaced;it;by;the;let; #;command.; #;check;for;command;line;arguments; if;[;$#;-ne;1;];;then; echo;'Usage:;msinfo;'; exit;1; fi; #;check;whether;the;input;name;is;a;block;device; if;[;!;-b;$1;];;then; echo;'msinfo:;$1;is;not;a;block;device'; exit;1; fi; #;create;two;temporary;files;for;use; TMPFILE=`mktemp;-q;/tmp/$0.XXXXXX`; if;[;$?;-ne;0;];;then; echo;'msinfo:;Can't;create;temp;file,;exiting...'; exit;1; fi; TXTFILE=`mktemp;-q;/tmp/$0.XXXXXX`; if;[;$?;-ne;0;];;then; echo;'msinfo:;Can't;create;temp;file,;exiting...'; rm;-f;$TMPFILE; exit;1; fi; back_title='`printf;'%78s';'msinfo,;Information;about;FAT16;filesystem;-- Rahul; Joshi'`'; dialog;--title;'Boot;sector;of;$1';--backtitle;'$back_title';--infobox 'nAnalysing;boot;sector;for;$1nPlease;wait;...';14;60; #;truncate;TXTFILE;to;zero;length; echo;>;$TXTFILE; #;get;Formatting;DOS;version; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=8;skip=3;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%sn';'Formatting;DOS;version';'`cat;$TMPFILE`' #;get;file;system; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=8;skip=54;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%sn';'Filesystem';'`cat;$TMPFILE`'; #;check;if;filesystem;in;a;FAT16; if;[;'`cat;$TMPFILE`';!=;'FAT16;';];;then; dialog;--title;'Boot;sector;of;$1';--backtitle;'$back_title';--infobox 'nCan't;find;a;FAT16;filesystem;on;$1';14;60; exit;2; fi; #;get;volume;label;in;boot;sector; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=11;skip=43;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%sn';'Volume;label;in;boot;sector';'`cat $TMPFILE`'; #;get;Sector;size; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=11|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%dn';'Sector;size';`cat;$TMPFILE`; sector_size=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;get;Reserved;sectors; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=14|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%dn';';Reserved;sectors';`cat;$TMPFILE`; reserved_sectors=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;get;FAT;sectors; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=1;skip=16|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; fat_count=`cat;$TMPFILE`; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=22|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; sectors_per_fat=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;calculate;the;no;of;sectors;allocated;for;FAT's; let;fat_sectors=fat_count*sectors_per_fat; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%u;(%u;x;%u);n';'FAT;sectors';'$fat_sectors' '$fat_count';'$sectors_per_fat'; #;get;root;directory;sectors; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=17|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; root_sectors=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;calculate;the;no;of;sectors;allocated;for;root;directory; let;root_sectors=root_sectors*32/sector_size; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%un';'Root;directory;sectors';'$root_sectors'; #;get;Total;special;sectors; let;total=reserved_sectors+fat_sectors+root_sectors; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%un';'Total;special;sectors';'$total'; #;display;the;information;in;a;message;box; dialog;--title;'Boot;sector;of;$1';--backtitle;'$back_title';--msgbox '`cat;$TXTFILE`';14;60; #;delete;temporary;files; rm;-f;$TMPFILE; rm;-f;$TXTFILE; #;end;of;msinfo.sh; 2.;swapinit.sh; #!/bin/sh; #; #;/etc/rc.d/init.d/swapinit.sh;-;activate;the;swap;partition; #; #;written;by;Rahul;U.;Joshi; #;Verify;and;initialize;swap;space; #; echo;-n;'Verifying;swap;space...;'; loopcount=0; #;flag;to;indicate;whether;the;partition;has;been;activated;or;not; activated=0; #;check;for;signatures;6;times;before;giving;up; while;[;$loopcount;-lt;6;]; do; if;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=10;skip=4086`';= 'SWAPSPACE2';];;then; echo;'Linux;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; elif;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=5;skip=54`';= 'FAT16';];;then; echo;'DOS;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Making;swap;partition'; mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; else; let;loopcount=loopcount+1; fi; done; if;[;$activated;-ne;1;];;;then; echo;'Swap;signature;not;found;after;$loopcount;tries'; echo;'No;swapping;partitions;activated'; exit;1; fi; 3.;swaphalt.sh; #!/bin/sh; #; #;/etc/rc.d/init.d/swapinit.sh;-;activate;the;swap;partition; #; #;written;by;Rahul;U.;Joshi; #;Verify;and;initialize;swap;space; #; echo;-n;'Verifying;swap;space...;'; loopcount=0; #;flag;to;indicate;whether;the;partition;has;been;activated;or;not; activated=0; #;check;for;signatures;6;times;before;giving;up; while;[;$loopcount;-lt;6;]; do; if;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=10;skip=4086`';= 'SWAPSPACE2';];;then; echo;'Linux;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; elif;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=5;skip=54`';= 'FAT16';];;then; echo;'DOS;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Making;swap;partition'; mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; else; let;loopcount=loopcount+1; fi; done; if;[;$activated;-ne;1;];;;then; echo;'Swap;signature;not;found;after;$loopcount;tries'; echo;'No;swapping;partitions;activated'; exit;1; fi