详解Springboot下载Excel的三种方式

汇总一下浏览器下载和代码本地下载实现的3种方式。

（其实一般都是在代码生成excel，然后上传到oss，然后传链接给前台，但是我好像没有实现过直接点击就能在浏览器下载的功能，所以这次一起汇总一下3种实现方式。）

​网络上有很多maven的easyexcel版本，还是推荐alibaba的easyexcel，操作简单，代码不冗余

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/easyexcel --><dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId> <version>2.2.10</version></dependency>

2.完整代码实现

控制层：设置response格式然后直接下载即可

package com.empirefree.springboot.controller;import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;import com.empirefree.springboot.pojo.User;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * @program: springboot * @description: * @author: huyuqiao * @create: 2021/07/04 15:01 */@RestControllerpublic class UserController { /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: 浏览器下载--excel */ @GetMapping('/testRespExcel') public void testRespExcel(HttpServletResponse response){response.addHeader('Content-Disposition', 'attachment;filename=' + 'huyuqiao.xlsx');response.setContentType('application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gb2312');try {// 从HttpServletResponse中获取OutputStream输出流 ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); /* * EasyExcel 有多个不同的read方法，适用于多种需求 * 这里调用EasyExcel中通过OutputStream流方式输出Excel的write方法 * 它会返回一个ExcelWriterBuilder类型的返回值 * ExcelWriterBuilde中有一个doWrite方法，会输出数据到设置的Sheet中 */ EasyExcel.write(outputStream, User.class).sheet('测试数据').doWrite(getAllUser());} catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();} } public List<User> getAllUser(){List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();for (int i=0;i<100;i++){ User user = User.builder().name('胡宇乔'+ i).password('huyuqiao').age(i).build(); userList.add(user);}return userList; }}

实体类：给User设置对应的excel属性即可,value代表excel中名字，index代表第几列

package com.empirefree.springboot.pojo;import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;import lombok.Builder;import lombok.Data;/** * @program: springboot * @description: user * @author: huyuqiao * @create: 2021/07/04 14:53 */@Data@Builderpublic class User extends BaseRowModel{ @ExcelProperty(value = '姓名',index = 0) private String name; @ExcelProperty(value = '密码',index = 1) private String password; @ExcelProperty(value = '年龄',index = 2) private Integer age;}3.实现效果

​maven和上面一样，只是文件输出流设置一下即可

package com.empirefree.springboot.controller;import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;import com.empirefree.springboot.pojo.User;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * @program: springboot * @description: * @author: huyuqiao * @create: 2021/07/04 15:01 */@RestControllerpublic class UserController { /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description:本地生成--excel */ @GetMapping('/testLocalExcel') public void testLocalExcel(){// 文件输出位置OutputStream out = null;try { out = new FileOutputStream('C:UsersEDYDesktopempirefree.xlsx'); EasyExcel.write(out, User.class).sheet('测试数据').doWrite(getAllUser());} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace();}finally { try {// 关闭流out.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }} } public List<User> getAllUser(){List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();for (int i=0;i<100;i++){ User user = User.builder().name('张三'+ i).password('1234').age(i).build(); userList.add(user);}return userList; }}2.实现效果

<!-- excel导出工具 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>RELEASE</version></dependency>2.代码实现

控制层

/** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excle-export */ @GetMapping('/export') public String exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response) {System.out.println('成功到达到处excel....');String fileName = 'test.xls';if (fileName == null || ''.equals(fileName)) { return '文件名不能为空！';} else { if (fileName.endsWith('xls')) {Boolean isOk = excelService.exportExcel(response, fileName, 1, 10);if (isOk) { return '导出成功！';} else { return '导出失败！';} } return '文件格式有误！';} }

serviceimpl层

/** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excel-impl */ @Override public Boolean exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Integer pageNum, Integer pageSize) {log.info('导出数据开始。。。。。。');//查询数据并赋值给ExcelDataList<User> userList = userMapper.find();System.out.println(userList.size() + 'size');List<String[]> list = new ArrayList<String[]>();for (User user : userList) { String[] arrs = new String[4]; arrs[0] = String.valueOf(user.getId()); arrs[1] = user.getUsername(); arrs[2] = user.getPassword(); arrs[3] = String.valueOf(user.getEnable()); list.add(arrs);}//表头赋值String[] head = {'序列', '用户名', '密码', '状态'};ExcelData data = new ExcelData();data.setHead(head);data.setData(list);data.setFileName(fileName);//实现导出try { ExcelUtil.exportExcel(response, data); log.info('导出数据结束。。。。。。'); return true;} catch (Exception e) { log.info('导出数据失败。。。。。。'); return false;} }

工具类

package com.example.demo.utils;import com.example.demo.entity.ExcelData;import com.example.demo.entity.User;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import static org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType.*;/** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil */@Slf4jpublic class ExcelUtil { /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-export */ public static void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response, ExcelData data) {log.info('导出解析开始，fileName:{}',data.getFileName());try { //实例化HSSFWorkbook HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); //创建一个Excel表单，参数为sheet的名字 HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet('sheet'); //设置表头 setTitle(workbook, sheet, data.getHead()); //设置单元格并赋值 setData(sheet, data.getData()); //设置浏览器下载 setBrowser(response, workbook, data.getFileName()); log.info('导出解析成功!');} catch (Exception e) { log.info('导出解析失败!'); e.printStackTrace();} } /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-settitle */ private static void setTitle(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet, String[] str) {try { HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0); //设置列宽，setColumnWidth的第二个参数要乘以256，这个参数的单位是1/256个字符宽度 for (int i = 0; i <= str.length; i++) {sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 15 * 256); } //设置为居中加粗,格式化时间格式 HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle(); HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont(); font.setBold(true); style.setFont(font); style.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat('m/d/yy h:mm')); //创建表头名称 HSSFCell cell; for (int j = 0; j < str.length; j++) {cell = row.createCell(j);cell.setCellValue(str[j]);cell.setCellStyle(style); }} catch (Exception e) { log.info('导出时设置表头失败！'); e.printStackTrace();} } /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-setData */ private static void setData(HSSFSheet sheet, List<String[]> data) {try{ int rowNum = 1; for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);for (int j = 0; j < data.get(i).length; j++) { row.createCell(j).setCellValue(data.get(i)[j]);}rowNum++; } log.info('表格赋值成功！');}catch (Exception e){ log.info('表格赋值失败！'); e.printStackTrace();} } /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-setBrowser */ private static void setBrowser(HttpServletResponse response, HSSFWorkbook workbook, String fileName) {try { //清空response response.reset(); //设置response的Header response.addHeader('Content-Disposition', 'attachment;filename=' + fileName); OutputStream os = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream()); response.setContentType('application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gb2312'); //将excel写入到输出流中 workbook.write(os); os.flush(); os.close(); log.info('设置浏览器下载成功！');} catch (Exception e) { log.info('设置浏览器下载失败！'); e.printStackTrace();} } /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil--importExcel */ public static List<Object[]> importExcel(String fileName) {log.info('导入解析开始，fileName:{}',fileName);try { List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<>(); InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(fileName); Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream); Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); //获取sheet的行数 int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {//过滤表头行if (i == 0) { continue;}//获取当前行的数据Row row = sheet.getRow(i);Object[] objects = new Object[row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells()];int index = 0;for (Cell cell : row) { if (cell.getCellType().equals(NUMERIC)) {objects[index] = (int) cell.getNumericCellValue(); } if (cell.getCellType().equals(STRING)) {objects[index] = cell.getStringCellValue(); } if (cell.getCellType().equals(BOOLEAN)) {objects[index] = cell.getBooleanCellValue(); } if (cell.getCellType().equals(ERROR)) {objects[index] = cell.getErrorCellValue(); } index++;}list.add(objects); } log.info('导入文件解析成功！'); return list;}catch (Exception e){ log.info('导入文件解析失败！'); e.printStackTrace();}return null; } //测试导入 public static void main(String[] args) {try { String fileName = 'E:/test.xlsx'; List<Object[]> list = importExcel(fileName); for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {User user = new User();user.setId((Integer) list.get(i)[0]);user.setUsername((String) list.get(i)[1]);user.setPassword((String) list.get(i)[2]);user.setEnable((Integer) list.get(i)[3]);System.out.println(user.toString()); }} catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace();} }}3.实现效果

总体看来：当excel需要在浏览器下载时，使用alibaba的easyexcel最快最方便，并且注意需要设置response格式

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