从SQL Server中导入/导出Excel的基本方法

从sql server中导入/导出 excel 的基本方法

/*===========; 导入/导出 excel 的基本方法 ===========*/

从excel文档中,导入数据到sql数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:

/*=============================================*/--假如接受数据导入的表已存在insert into 表 select * from openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

--假如导入数据并生成表select * into 表 from openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

/*===========================================*/--假如从sql数据库中,导出数据到excel,假如excel文档已存在,而且已按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就能够简单的用:insert into openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)select * from 表

--假如excel文档不存在,也能够用bcp来导成类excel的文档,注意大小写:--导出表的情况exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out 'c:test.xls' /c -/s'服务器名' /u'用户名' -p'密码'

--导出查询的情况exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 'select au_fname, au_lname from pubs..authors order by au_lname' queryout 'c:test.xls' /c -/s'服务器名' /u'用户名' -p'密码'

/*--说明:c:test.xls; 为导入/导出的excel文档名.sheet1$;;;为excel文档的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.--*/--上面已说过,用bcp导出的是类excel文档,其实质为文本文档,

--要导出真正的excel文档.就用下面的方法

/*--数据导出excel导出表中的数据到excel,包含字段名,文档为真正的excel文档,假如文档不存在,将自动创建文档,假如表不存在,将自动创建表基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型--邹建 2003.10--*/

/*--调用示例

p_exporttb @tbname=地区资料,@path=c:,@fname=aa.xls--*/if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]go

create proc p_exporttb@tbname sysname,;--要导出的表名@path nvarchar(1000),--文档存放目录@fname nvarchar(250)=; --文档名,默认为表名asdeclare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--参数检测if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=@tbname+.xls

--检查文档是否已存在if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--数据库创建语句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false +;create_db=';+;database=+@sql+'

--连接数据库exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr

/*--假如覆盖已存在的表,就加上下面的语句--创建之前先删除表/假如存在的话select @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql--*/

--创建表的sqlselect @sql=,@fdlist=select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+],@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+] +case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+) when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money else b.name endfrom syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)and object_id(@tbname)=idselect @sql=create table [+@tbname+](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+),@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--导入数据set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes ;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@tbname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from +@tbname)

return

lberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号 ,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlistgo--上面是导表的,下面是导查询语句的.

/*--数据导出excel导出查询中的数据到excel,包含字段名,文档为真正的excel文档,假如文档不存在,将自动创建文档,假如表不存在,将自动创建表基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型--邹建 2003.10--*/

/*--调用示例

p_exporttb @sqlstr=select * from 地区资料 ,@path=c:,@fname=aa.xls,@sheetname=地区资料--*/if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]go

create proc p_exporttb@sqlstr varchar(8000),--查询语句,假如查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent@path nvarchar(1000),--文档存放目录@fname nvarchar(250),--文档名@sheetname varchar(250)=; --要创建的工作表名,默认为文档名as declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--参数检测if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=temp.xlsif isnull(@sheetname,)= set @sheetname=replace(@fname,.,#)

--检查文档是否已存在if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--数据库创建语句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false +;create_db=';+;database=+@sql+'

--连接数据库exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr

--创建表的sqldeclare @tbname sysnameset @tbname=##tmp_+convert(varchar(38),newid())set @sql=select * into [+@tbname+] from(+@sqlstr+) aexec(@sql)

select @sql=,@fdlist=select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+],@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+] +case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+) when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money else b.name endfrom tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname)select @sql=create table [+@sheetname+](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+),@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--导入数据set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes ;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@sheetname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from [+@tbname+])

set @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]exec(@sql)return

lberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号 ,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlistgo